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Cardiovascular Exam
2010 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What gas enters the blood through the lungs? | Oxygen |
| What are the smallest of the blood vessels called? | Capillaries |
| Irregular, rapid contractions of the atria and ventricles with rates as high as 350 beats per minute are called? | Fibrillation |
| Gas that is released from the body cells and exhaled from the lungs? | Carbon Dioxide |
| Name the inner lining of the heart? | Endocardium |
| The pacemaker of the hear is called? | SA Node |
| The specialized muscle fibers that extend as part of the conduction system of the heart into the walls of the ventricles to stimulate them to contract? | Bundle of His |
| The Lubb - Dubb sound signifies/means: | Closure of the heart valves |
| High LDL may lead to what disease? | Arthersclerosis |
| Only artery that carries blood deficient in oxygen is? | Pulmonary Artery |
| The only vein that carries oxygen rich blood is? | Pulmonary Vein |
| In diastole the ventricle walls do what? | Relax and blood flows into the heart from the vena cava and pulmonary veins from the lungs. |
| What valve is found between the left upper and lower heart chambers? | Mitral Valve |
| What carries oxygen rich blood to the heart muscle itself? | Coronary Arteries |
| What valve is located between the lower right heart chamber and the blood vessel carring blood to the lungs? | Pulmonary Valve |
| What is considered indicative of normal sinus rhythm? | 60 - 100 BPM |
| What is the term meaning "abnormal heart sound"? | Murmur |
| What is the disease that causes recurrent episodes of Cyanosis and Pallor in the fingers and toes? | Reynaud's Disease |
| A tube is introduced into and guided into the hear to detect blood flow and pressures - it is what procedure? | Cardiac Catherization |
| Contraction phase of the heartbeat? | Systole |
| Name for the saclike membrane surrounding the heart? | Pericardium |
| Sensitive tissure in the right atrium that begins the electrical wave leading to a heartbeat and is called the "pacemaker of the heart"? | SA Node |
| Name of the blood vessels branching off the Aorta to carry newly oxygenated blood to the heart muscle? | Coronary Artery |
| Term meaning "disease of the heart muscle" specifically? | Cardiomyopathy |
| Local widening of an artery leading to weakness of the wall and eventual rupture of the vessel is untreated is? | Aneurysm |
| What can ischemia eventually lead to? State 3 outcomes: | Necrosis, MI, and Death |
| What is angina? | Chest Pain |
| What is fibrillation and is it considered a cardiac arrhythmia? | Irregular, rapid contractions of the atria and ventricles with rates as high as 350 BPM and yes. |
| A deep vein thrombosis is? | A blood clot in the veins of lower legs. |
| What does "patent" mean? | Open |
| What is the cause of "essential hypertension"? | No cause |
| What is Digoxin? | Drug that slows the heartrate but makes every heartbeat forceful. |
| CK, Troponin - T and I, LD, AST and SGOT are? | Enzymes |
| An echocardiogram is? | Echoes from high frequency soundwaves used to produce images of the heart. |
| Name for the procedure to remove plaque from the lining of an artery is? | Endarterectomy |
| What is the name for a 24 hour EKG done on a pt during activities and during sleep? | Holter Monitor |
| Name for the procedure in which brief electrical discharges are sent across the patient's chest to stop a cardiac arrhythmia? | Cardioversion |
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