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ANA 113 Lecture 35
Urinary System 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Location of the ureters | extend from the renal pelviis to the bladder (about 10 inches), retroperitoneal |
| Structure of the ureters | mucosa (transitional epithelium, secretes a protective mucous), submucosa layer, muscularis layer (smooth muscle, peristatic waves help move urine, fibrous CT coat) |
| Location of the urinary bladder | posterior to pubic bone and pubic symphysis, anterior to the rectum, inferior to peritoneum |
| extent of the bladder when empty | lies within the pelvic cavity |
| extent of the bladder when full | lies in pelvis and extends into the abdomen, may reach the level of the umbilicus |
| What is the bladder wall composed of? | (4 layers) mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa |
| Muscosal layer of the bladder | innermost layer, contains folds (rugae)which allows the bladder to stretch and expand, lined with transitional epithelium |
| Submucosal layer of the bladder | supports mucosa, contains nerves and blood vessels |
| Muscularis layer of the bladder | smooth muscle and detrusor muscle (found only in the urinary bladder) |
| What makes up the serosa layer? | connective tissue |
| Function of the bladder | storage of urine, contracts to expel urine |
| Location of the urethra | begins at the neck kof the bladder, ends at the urethral orifice |
| Structure of the female urethra | (serves urinary system only) approximately 3 cm long (very short-more likely to get UTI, the urethral orifice is located between the labii minor and anterior to the vaginal orifice |
| Structure of the male urethra | (serves urinary and reproductive system) aprroximately 20 cm long, urethral orifice is located at the end of the penis |
| Regions of the male urethra | prostatic, membranous, penile |
| Prostatic urethra | passes through the prostate, recieves secretions from prostate and ejaculatory duct |
| Membranous urethra | passes through the urogential diaphragm, curves a bit in this area (be careful with a cathetor) |
| Penile Urethra | located within the penis, ends at the urethral orifice |
| What are the two sphincters for the urethra? | internal and external urethral sphincter |
| Internal urethral sphinctor | involuntary, smooth muscle |
| external urethral sphinctor | voluntary, skeletal muscle |
| Micturation | (urination) reflex that epels urine from the urinary bladder. involves a combination of involutary and voluntary responses. |
Created by:
Kachmiel
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