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Neuron
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Soma
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TEPnervoussystem
| Vocabulary Word | Defintion |
|---|---|
| Neuron | impulse conducting cell. functional unit of the nervous system |
| Soma | cell body; nerve |
| Dendrite | any of the short branched threadlike extensions of a nerve cell, which conduct impulses towards the cell body |
| Synapse | the region of communication between neurons |
| Multipolar neuron | neuron with one axon and three or more dendrites. |
| Bipolar neuron | neuron that has two processes arising from opposite poles of the cell body |
| Unipolar neuron | cell body that emits a single axonal process |
| Anaxonic neuron | multiple dentrites and no axons |
| Schwann Cell | a cell that forms spiral layers around a myelinated nerve fiber |
| Myelin sheath | insulating covering that surrounds an axon with multiple spiral layers of myelin |
| Electrical potential | the potential energy of a positive unit. |
| Current | a flow of electric charge |
| Polarized | fewer positive ions sitting on the inner face of the neuron’s plasma membrane than there are on its outer face in the tissue fluid that surrounds it |
| Neurotransmitter | transmits nerve impulses across a synapse |
| Dopamine | neurotransmitter in the brain and as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of epinephrine |
| Serotonin | powerful vasoconstrictor and is found especially in the brain |
| Somatic reflex | all reflexes that stimulate the skeletal muscles |
| Visceral reflex | a reflex mediated by autonomic nerves and initiated in the viscera |
| Meninges | The three membranes that enclose the vertebrate brain and spinal cord |
| Dura mater | tough fibrous membrane that envelops the spinal cord and brain. |
| Gray matter | The gray area of the central nervous system; contains |
| White matter | White substance of the central nervous system; the myelinated nerve fibers. |
| Cerebrum | the largest part of the brain; consists of right and left cerebral hemispheres |
| Cerebellum | part of the hindbrain; involved in producing smoothly coordinated skeletal muscle activity |
| Gyrus | an outward fold of the surface of the cerebral cortex |
| Sulcus | a furrow on the brain, less deep than a fissure |
| Brainstem | the portion of the brain consisting of the medulla, pons and midbrain |
| Cortex | the outer suface layer of an organ |
| Blood-brain barrier | a mechanism that inhibits passage of materials from the blood into brain tisues |
| Medulla oblongata | the lowest or hindmost part of the brain, continuous with the spinal cord |
| Thalamus | a mass of gray matter in the the diencephalon of the brain |
| Hypothalamus | the region of the diecephalon forming the floor of the third ventricle of the brain |
| Occipital lobe | lobe in the back of the brain. contains the visual area |
| Parietal lobe | middle area of the brain contains the somatic sensory area |
| Frontal lobe | in the front of the brain. |
Created by:
Tessa Elise
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