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PIMA BIO130
CHP8 Skeletal; Lower Extremity Bones and Their Markings; Femur and below
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Femur | Thigh bone; largest, strongest bone of the body |
| Head (re: femur) | Rounded upper end of the bone; fits into the acetabulum |
| Neck (re: femur) | Constricted portion just below the head |
| Greater trochanter (re: femur) | Protuberance located inferiorly and laterally to the head |
| Lesser trochanter (re: femur) | Small protuberance located inferiorly and medially to the greater trochanter |
| Intertrochanteric line (re: femur) | Line extending lengthwise along the concave posterior surface |
| Linea aspera (re: femur) | Prominent ridge extending lengthwise along the concave posterior surface |
| Supracondylar ridges (re: femur) | Two ridges formed by division of the linea aspera at its lower end; the medial supracondylar ridge extends inward to the inner condyle, the lateral ridge to the outer condyle |
| Condyles (re: femur) | Large, rounded bulges at the distal end of teh femur; one medial and one lateral |
| Epicondyles (re: femur) | Blunt projections from the sides of the condyles; one on the medial aspect and one on the lateral aspect |
| Adductor tubercle (re: femur) | Small projection just above the medial condyle; marks the termination of the medial supracondylar ridge |
| Trochlea (re: femur) | Smooth depression between the condyles on the anterior surface; articulates with the patella |
| Intercondylar fossa (notch) (re: femur) | Deep depression between the condyles on the posterior surface; the cruciate ligaments, which help bind the femur to the tibia, lodge in this notch |
| Patella | Kneecap; largest sesamoid bone of the body; embedded in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle |
| Tibia | Shin bone |
| Condyles (re: tibia) | Bulging prominences at the proximal end of the tibia; upper surfaces concave for articulation with the femur |
| Intercondylar eminence (re: tibia) | Upward projection on the articular surface between the condyles |
| Crest (re: tibia) | Sharp ridge on the anterior surface |
| Tibial tuberosity (re: tibia) | Projection in the midline on the anterior surface |
| Medial malleolus (re: tibia) | Rounded downward projection at the distal end of the tibia; forms the prominence on the medial surface of the ankle |
| Fibula | Long, slender bone of the lateral side of the lower part of the leg |
| Lateral malleolus (re: fibula) | Rounded prominece at the distal end of the fibula; forms the prominence on the lateral surface of the ankle |
| Tarsal Bones | Bones that form the heel and proximal or posterior half of the foot; include calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuboid, medial cuneiform (I), intermediate cuneiform (II), and lateral cuneiform (III) |
| Calcaneus | Heel bone |
| Talus | Uppermost of the tarsal bones; articulates with the tibia and fibula; boxed in the medial and lateral malleoli |
| Arches of foot | Curves of the bones of the foot and ankle that, along with muscles and other soft tissue, properly support the mass of teh skeleton |
| Longitudinal arches | Tarsal and metatarsal bones so arranged as to form an arch from the front to the back of the foot |
| Medial arch of foot | Formed by the calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms, and three medial metatarsal bones |
| Lateral arch of foot | Formed by the calcaneus, cuboid, and two metatarsal bones |
| Transverse (or metatarsal) arch | Metatarsal and distal row of tarsal bones (cuneiforms and cuboid) articulated so as to form an arch across the foot; bones kept in two arched postitions by means of powerful ligaments in the sole of the foot and by muscles and tendons |
| Metatarsal bones | Long bones of the feet; numbered (from medial side) I, II, III, IV, V |
| Phalanges (of the feet) | Mini long bones of the toes; two in each great toe; three in the other toes; from metatarsal bone: proximal, middle (except first toe), distal; numbered (from medial side) I (except first toe), II, III, IV, V |
Created by:
Jgiron6994
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