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Name the 4 Gluteal Muscles
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Which 2 Gluteal Muscles share the Greater Trochanter as a common attachment?
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UCMT Kinesiology
Skeletal Muscles, Attachments, and Common Actions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the 4 Gluteal Muscles | Gluteus Minimus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Maximus, Tensor Fascia Latae |
| Which 2 Gluteal Muscles share the Greater Trochanter as a common attachment? | Gluteus Minimus and Gluteus Meduis |
| Which 2 Gluteal Muscles share the Iliotibial Band (I.T. Band) as a common attachment? | Gluteus Maximus and Tensor Fascia Latae |
| Name the Deep Hip Rotator Muscles in order from superior to inferior. | Piriformis - Superior Gemellus - Obturator Internus & Obturator Externus - Inferior Gemellus - Quadratus Femoris |
| What are the common attachments and actions for the Deep Hip Rotator Muscles? | Greater Trochanter - Lateral Rotation of the hip |
| Obturator Externus | ORIGIN - Anterior Border of Obturator Foramen INSERTION - Greater Trochanter ACTION - Lateral Rotation of the hip. |
| Quadratus Femoris | ORIGIN - Lateral Ischial Tuberosity INSERTION - Greater Trochanter ACTION- Lateral Rotation of the hip. (This is the most inferior of the deep hip rotator group.) |
| Inferior Gemellus | ORIGIN - Ischial Tuberosity INSERTION - Greater Trochanter ACTION - Lateral Rotation of the hip. |
| Superior Gemellus | ORIGIN - Ischial Spine INSERTION - Greater Trochanter ACTION - Lateral Rotation of the hip. (Runs anterior to sciatic nerve) |
| Obturator Internus | ORIGIN - Posterior border of Obturator Foramen INSERTION - Greater Trochanter ACTION - Lateral Rotation of the hip |
| Piriformis | ORIGIN - Lateral border of anteroir sacrum INSERTION - Greater Trochanter ACTION - Lateral rotation of the hip, weak abduction of the hip. (Runs posterior to sciatic nerve) |
| Pes Anserina Group | Sartorius - Anterior thigh Gracilis - Medial thigh Semitentinosus - Posterior thigh |
| Intermuscular Septa | The fascia between muscles to separate them into muscle compartments. |
| Fascia Lata | The fascia of the glutes and thighs. |
| Crural Fascia | Fascia of the crus. |
| Pectoral Girdle Muscles | Rhomboideus Major, Rhomboideus Minor, Levator Scapulae, Trapezius, Serratus Anteroir, Pectoralis Minor, Subclavius |
| Which muscle(s) cause depression of the scapula(e)? | Trapezius |
| Which muscle(s) cause adduction (retraction) of the scapula(e)? | Rhomboideus Major, Rhomboideus Minor, Trapezuis |
| Which muscle(s) cause abduction (protraction) of the scapula(e)? | Serratus anterior and pectoralis minor |
| Which muscle(s) cause upward rotation of the scapula(e)? | Trapezuis and Serratus Anterior |
| Which muscle(s) cause elevation of the scapula(e)? | Levator scapulae and trapezius |
| Which muscle(s) cause downward rotation of the scapula(e)? | Rhomboideus Major, Rhomboideus Minor, Pectoralis Minor |
| Serratus Anterior | ORIGIN - Outer surface on lateral region of the first 8 or 9 ribs. INSERTION - Medial Border of the scapula(e). ACTION - Abduction, Upward rotation, Stabilization of Scapula(e), and holds/suspends scapula |
| Levator Scapulae | ORIGIN - Posterior tubercles of Transverse Processes C1-C4 INSERTION - Superior angle and upper medial margin of scapulae ACTION - Elevation of Scapulae (bilaterally), lateral flexion of neck (unilaterally), stabilization of scapulae |
| Pectoralis Minor | ORIGIN - Sternal ends of ribs 3, 4 & 5 (anterior) INSERTION - medial border of corociod process ACTION - Abduction of scapula, downward rotation of scapula, active during forced breathing. |
| Subclavius | ORIGIN - Sternal end of 1st rib INSERTION - Inferior surface of middle clavicle ACTION - downward rotation of clavicle and stabilization of clavicle |
| Rhomboideus Minor | ORIGIN - Spinous Processes of C7 & T1, lower end of nuchal ligament INSERTION - Medial margin of scapula at base of scapular spine ACTION - Adduction of scapula, downward rotation of scapula, stabilization of scapula |
| Rhomboideus Major | ORIGIN - Spinous processes of T2-T5 INSERTION - Medial margin of scapulae between spine and inferior angle ACTION - Adduction of scapula, downward rotation of scapula, stabilization of scapula |
| Trapezuis | ORIGIN - Nuchal Ligament, occipital bone, spinous processes of C7-T12 INSERTION - Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, medial and superior acromion, scapular spine ACTION - Scapular upward rotation, adduction, depression, elevation, stabilization neck extension |
| Supraspinatus | ORIGIN - Supraspinatus Fossa INSERTION - Greater Tubercle of Humerous ACTION - first 15 degrees of humoral abduction, stabilization of shoulder joint. |
| Infraspinatus | ORIGIN - Infraspinatus fossa INSERTION - Greater tubercle of the humerous ACTION - Lateral rotation of shoulder |
| Teres Minor | ORIGIN - Superior half on lateral border of scapula INSERTION - Greater Tubercle of Humerous ACTION - Lateral rotation of shoulder |
| Subscapularis | ORIGIN - Subscapular fossa INSERTION - Lesser Tubercle of Humerous ACTION - Medial rotation of shoulder (Only rotator cuff muscle with medial rotation, also only rotator cuff muscle attaching at lesser tubercle of humerous.) |
| Pectoralis Major | ORIGIN - (Clavicular head) medial 1/2 of clavicle, (Sternal head) manubrium and body of sternum INSERTION - Intertubercular groove ACTION - Shoulder Medial rotation, Shoulder Adduction, Flexion of extended shoulder |
| How do you stretch any muscle? | Move the body towards the opposite of the muscles function(s). |
| Latissimus Dorsi | ORIGIN - Spinous Process of T7, Posterior iliac crest INSERTION - Intertubercular groove ACTION - Shoulder adduction, shoulder medial rotation, extension of flexed arm. |
| Teres Major | ORIGIN - Lateral Surface of scapular inferior angle INSERTION - Intertubercular groove ACTION - Shoulder Adduction, shoulder medial rotation, extension of flexed arm. |
| Deltiod | ORIGIN - Lateral 3rd of clavicle, acromian process, scapular spine. INSERTION - deltiod tuberosity ACTION - Shoulder abduction, shoulder flexion, shoulder extension, weak medial and lateral rotation of shoulder.(Raises arm in any direction) |
| Rotator cuff muscles: | Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis (S.I.T.S.) |
| Muscles of the intertubercular groove: | Pectoralis Major, Teres Major, Latissimus Dorsi (2 Majors and a little miss) |
| Action(s) of Flexor Digitorum Profundus and Flexor Digitorum Superficialis | Flexion of the wrist; flexion of fingers |
| Action(s) of Flexor Pollicis Longus | Flexion of thumb and wrist |
| Action(s) of Pronator Quadratus and Pronator Teres | Pronation of the antibrachium |
| Name the 3 muscles of the deep antibrachium | Flexor Digitorum Profundus; Flexor Pollicis Longus; Pronatot Teres |
| Name the 5 Muscles of the superficial antibrachium | Pronator Teres; Flexor Carpi Radialis; Palmaris Longus; Flexor Carpi Ulnaris; Flexor Digitorum Superficialis |
| Antibrachium Flexor common attachment | Medial Epicondyle |
| Antibrachium Flexor comon action | Flexion of wrist and fingers |
| Action(s) of Flexor Carpi Radialis | Flexion and radial deviation of the wrist |
| Action(s) of Palmaris Longus | Flexion of the wrist |
| Action(s) of Flexor Carpi Ulnaris | Flexion and ulnar deviation of the wrist |
| What anitomical structure do the flexor group muscles pass through? | The carpal tunnel |
| Coracobrachialis | ORIGIN - Corocoid process of scapula INSERTION - Medial side of mid humoral shaft ACTION - Flextion of the shoulder |
| Brachialis | ORIGIN - Anterior surface of distal humoral shaft INSERTION - Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process ACTION - Flexion of the elbow |
| Biceps Brachii | ORIGIN - (short head) corocoid process, (long head) supraglenoid tubercle INSERTION - Radial tuberosity ACTION - Flexion of shoulder; flexion of elbow; supination of antibrachium |
| Triceps Brachii | ORIGIN - (short head) Distal half of humoral shaft; (long head) infraglenoid tubercle; (lateral head) Proximal posterior half of humerous INSERTION - Olecranon Process ACTION - Extension of shoulder; Extension of elbow |
| Action(s) of Brachioradialis | Flexion of elbow |
| Action(s) of Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis | Extension and radial deviation of wrist |
| Action(s) of Extensor Digitorum | Extension of wrist; extension of fingers |
| Action(s) of Extensor Digiti Minimi | Extension of pinky finger |
| Action(s) of Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | Extension and Ulnar deviation of wrist |
| Action(s) of Supinator Muscle | Supinates the Antibrachium |
| Action(s) of Anconeus Muscle | Extension of the elbow |
| Action(s) of Extensor Pollicis Longus and Extensor Pollicis Brevis | Extension of Thumb and Wrist |
| Action(s) of Abductor Pollicis Longus | Abduction of the thumb |
| Action(s) of Extensor Indicis | Extension of the wrist and index fingerq |
| Antibrachium Extensor common action | Extension of the Wrist |
| Antibrachium Extensor common attachment | Lateral Epicondyle |
| Action(s) of Abductor Digiti Minimi | Abduction of pinky finger |
| Action(s) of Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis | Flexes pinky finger |
| Action(s) of Opponens Digiti Minimi | Moves pinky finger towards thumb for opposition |
| Action(s) of Palmaris Brevis | Strengthens the grip of the hand |
| Action(s) of Abductor Pollicis Brevis | Abduction of the thumb |
| Action(s) of Flexor Pollicis Brevis | Flexion of the thumb |
| Action(s) of Opponens Pollicis | Rotation of the thumb to oppose fingers |
| Action(s) of Adductor Pollicis | Adduction of the thumb |
| Action(s) of Lumbrical Muscles | Control of fine motor movement, helps hand sensitivity |
| Action(s) of Palmar Interossei | (PAD) Adduction of Fingers |
| Action(s) of Dorsal Interossei | (DAB) Abduction of Fingers |
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