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A&P Lesson2

anatomy and physiology

QuestionAnswer
About how many cells comprise the body of an adult? 50 to 100 trillion
Cells are measured in micrometers
The three major parts of a cell are the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.
A selectively permeable membrane allows some substances to pass through and excludes others.
The major components of the cell membrane are lipids and proteins
A protein that spans the cell membrane is termed a(n) integral protein
For which of the following organelles is the structure and function correctly described? Endoplasmic reticulum-network of interconnected membranes forming sacs and canals; packages protein molecules for secretion
In a cell, lipids are synthesized in the smooth ER
The nucleolus contains RNA and protein
If the concentration of glucose in the water outside of a cell is higher than the concentration inside, water will leave the cell by osmosis.
If a red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution the cell will swell and may eventually burst.
0.9% NaCl solution is ___ to red blood cells? isotonic
Cells lose water when placed in a __________ solution. hypertonic
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
Molecules bind to receptor sites and are enclosed in vesicles in the process of receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Chromosomes duplicate during interphase
The structures in the nucleus that serve as a "mitotic clock" are telomeres
The two types of genes that, when abnormal, cause cancer are tumor suppressors and oncogenes.
A cell that can divide to give rise to any cell type is totipotent
Apoptosis is also known as programmed cell death
Cells vary in size, shape, function, and contents
__ are proteins that allow cells to temporarily bind together. CAMs
__ proteins receive and transmit messages into the cell. receptor
The __ is made of rods and tubules that form a supportive framework. cytoskeleton
When a portion of a membrane pinches off, a __ forms. vesicle
The membranous called cisternae make up the __ golgi apparatus
Where would peroxisomes be the most numerous? liver
What is not part of the overall CELL CYLE ATP synthesis
DNA replication occurs during __ of interphase. S
Which of the following is NOT a type of active transport? facilitated diffusion
What affects rate of diffusion? The permeability of the membrane to the substance, the concentration gradient, and temperature.
The term used to describe the ability of osmosis to generate enough pressure to move a volume of water is osmotic pressure
What is NOT an external factor controlling cell growth? cell size
What could be found in the cytoplasm of the cell? ribosomes, inclusions, and golgi apparatus
Hydrophobic molecules are repelled by water
During osmosis, water molecules diffuse across a membrane
Peroxisomes and lysosomes are sacs that contain enzymes. True
Cilia and flagella extend from certain cells, enabling them to move. True
Smooth ER has ribosomes and rough ER does not. False
Proteins are manufactured on mitochondria. False
The golgi apparatus and ER take part in secretion. True
Chromatin consists of DNA and protein. True
Filtration requires pressure. True
Active transport uses energy stored in ATP molecules. True
Transcytosis combines diffusion and active transport. False
The process by which cells specialize is called differentiation. True
The cytoplasm consists of organelles suspended in __. cytosol
Phospholipids have hydrophobic heads and hydrophilic tails. False
What houses DNA? nucleus
temporary components of cytoplasm (nutrients, pigments, etc.) inclusion
What surrounds the nucleus? nuclear envelope
What is composed of two centrosomes and functions in cell division? centriole
movement of molecules from a region of high to low concentration is: diffusion
movement molecules into the cell across a membrane via a vesicle endocytosis
movement of molecules out of the cell via a vescile exocytosis
What requires a carrier molecule? facilitated diffusion
Phagocytosis refers to movement of liquid molecules into a cell via a vesicle. false
When chromosomes line up midway between poles is what part of the cell cycle? metaphase
What is the longest part of the cell cycle; divided into G1, S and G2 interphase
When a nuclear envelope disappears and chromatin condenses this is what part of the cell cycle? prophase
cytoplasmic division is in what part of the celll cycle? cytokinesis
When nuclear envelope reappears and cleavage furrow is seen this is a part of what cell cycle? telophase
When the sister chromatids pull apart and begin migrating to poles is a part of what cell cycle? anaphase
A __ cell has the ability to divide repeatedly. stem
Abnormal cell growth may lead to a disorganized mass of cells known as a ____. tumor
Large __ molecules are unable to cross the plasma membrane polar
Osmosis is a form of passive transport. true
Solute refers to the dissolved particles in solution. true
Molecules in solution are in constant, random motion due to their __ energy. kinetic
The sodium potassium pump creates balance by pumping sodium in and potassium out of the cell. false
Formation of excess fluid is called __. edema
During cytokinesis, genetic material is divided between two daughter cells. false
When a cell is placed into an isotonic solution, no net movements of molecules occurs. true
A malignant tumor extends to the surrounding tissue. true
What maintains integrity of the cell? cell membrane
What supports and helps move organelles within cytoplasm? microfilaments/microtubules
What is flattened sacs and is involved in packaging and secretion? golgi apparatus
What is responsible for protein synthesis? ribosomes
__ cells are intermediates between stem cells and fully differentaited cells. progenitor
Phospholipids have hydrophobic heads and hydrophilic tails. false
Created by: jaleesap21
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