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The Spinal Cord
Parts of
Term | Definition | Stuff to Know |
---|---|---|
Spinal Cord | the portion of the central nervous system within the spinal canal of the vertebral column | extends from Foramen Magnum --> 2nd Lumbar Vertebra - conducts impulses To/From via spinal "Tracts" |
Gray Matter | contains nerve cell Bodies, Dendrites, Synapses - Non-Myelinated | differentiated into Anterior and Posterior Horns |
White Matter | forms Ascending (SENSORY fibers) and Descending spinal tracts - Myelinated | Descending = MOTOR fibers; Ascending = SENSORY fibers |
Central Canal | the small canal running through the center of the spinal cord | leads to 4th ventricle of brain - contains CSF |
Spinal Nerves | any of the nerves that arise in pairs from the spinal cord. There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves identified by vertebral region (ie T-8 L = below Left T-8 vertebra) | pass through Intervertebral Foramen |
Dorsal Root | the more posterior of the two nerve fiber bundles of a spinal nerve that carries sensory information to the central nervous system. | SENSORY nerve ENTRY point |
Dorsal Root Ganglion | any of the sensory ganglia situated on the dorsal root of each spinal nerve. | SENSORY never cell Bodies |
Ventral Root | The part of a spinal nerve that arises from the anterior section of the spinal cord | MOTOR nerve EXIT point |
Plexus | Merging network of spinal nerve trunks | leading TO and FROM a specific bodily area through the spinal cord |
Cervical Plexus | Merging network of spinal nerve trunks | head, neck, upper chest and back |
Brachial Plexus | Merging network of spinal nerve trunks | shoulder arm and hand |
Lumbar Plexus | Merging network of spinal nerve trunks | Lower back, abdomen, genitalia, thigh |
Sacral Plexus | Merging network of spinal nerve trunks | buttocks, Posterior thigh, calf, foot |
Meninges | protective membrane covering the brain/spinal cord | made up of the Dura Mater, Arachnoid Membrane, and Pia Mater |
Dura Mater | Outermost, watertight, toughest Meninx | dense, Irregular connective tissue - surrounded externally by blood vessels and fat |
Arachnoid Membrane | 2nd layer Meninx | Squamous Epithelium and Elastic connective tissue - encloses Subarachnoid Space |
Pia Mater | vascular Areolar membrane supporting blood vessels | closely adherent to the Spinal Cord and Brain |