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Nursing Stack 1
Erwin A&P - Murphy notes On Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | study of structure of body |
| Gross anatomy | study of structures seen w/naked eye |
| Microscopic anatomy | study of structures too small to see w/naked eye |
| Physiology | study of the function |
| Pathology | study of disease |
| Pathophysiology - science that | describes consequences of improper functioning body parts |
| Structural Org of Body is simple to: | complex |
| Order of structural org: | cells, tissues, organs, organ/body system, organism |
| Cell is | basic unit of life; building block of body |
| Tissues are groups of: | cells that work together to perform a specific function |
| Tissues are groups of: | cells that work together to perform a specific function |
| Organs are groups of | tissues that work to perform a specific function |
| Organs/Body Systems are groups of | organs that work to perform a specific function |
| Organism/Body | the whole she-bang |
| Integumentary refers to | skin, nails, hair, oil glands & sweat glands |
| Function of integumentary | covers & protects; regulates T |
| Top layer of skin is | epidermis |
| Dermis is the | true skin; active layer; |
| Subcutaneous is layer | below dermis; insulates, connects and adipose |
| Skeletal is the | bones, cartiledge and joints |
| Function of skeletal system | supports body; stores calcium & phosphorus |
| Ligaments are | strong cords that connect bone to bone at joint |
| Muscular system includes: | muscles, tendons & joints |
| muscular system produces | heat |
| Function of muscular sys is | movement |
| Tendons are strong | elastic cords that connect muscles to bone |
| Articulations | joints-areas where bones meet |
| Nervous system includes: | neurons, neuroglia, nerves, brain & spinal cord |
| Function of nervous system: | homeostasis via electrical impulses |
| Neuron | nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses |
| CNS is the | central nervous system |
| CNS includes the | brain and spinal cord |
| PNS is the | peripheral nervous system |
| Endocrine | glands that secrete hormones INTO bloodstream |
| Pituitary is often called the | master gland |
| Endocrine function is | homestasis via hormones |
| Hypo thalamus is the` | area of brain that controls the pituitary gland |
| Hormones - chemical | messangers secreted by the endocrine glands |
| Cardio vascular includes | heart, blood & blood vessels |
| Heart function is | transportation by pumping bloodd |
| What is a fist sized, pump in chest? | heart |
| Atria | two upper, receiving |
| Ventricles | two lower, pumping |
| Valves - structures | which prevent blood from going backward |
| Function of blood is to | transport substances thru body |
| Blood cells are | formed elements that perform specific duties |
| All Blood Cells are formed in: | red bone marrow from stem cells |
| Erythrocytes | RBS's (most numerous of blood cells) |
| Leukocytes | WBC's (protection) |
| Thrombocytes | platelets (clotting) |
| Blood Vessels are | pipes that blood flows thru |
| Aorta is the largest | artery in body; carries O rich blood to supply body |
| Arteries are | thick elastic vessels under hi pressure |
| Arterioles are small arteries that | help control BP by slowing blood down before it hits ?? |
| Capillaries are ??? | microscopic exchange vessels that connect ??? |
| Venuels are ???? | small ???? |
| Veins are | large vessels w/valves that carry blood to the heart |
| Vena Cavae - ?-? | ?-? |
| Lymphatic includes | lumph, lymph capillaries, lymph vessels, spleen and thymus, tonsils & lymph nodes |
| Lymphatic function is | transport and filter excess fluid back to bloodstream; |
| Lymph is | excess fluid picked up by lymph capillaries; |
| Respiratory includes | nose, pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, lungs |
| Respiratory function is | exchange of gases by breathing |
| Alveoli is the | microscopic air sacs at the end of the bronchioles where gas is exchanged |
| Digestive sys includes | mouth, pharynx, esophagus, intestines, liver, GB, pancreas |
| Function of digestive is | breakdown food into smallest molecules for absorption |
| Urinary sys is | excretory |
| Urinary includes | 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder, 1 urethera |
| Urinary function | filter blood, regulate pH, BP, fluid & electrolyte balance |
| Nephrons are | microscopic cells in kidneys that filter blood |
| Reproductive Sys function is | to procreate |
| Gonads are | sex organs/glands |
| Male Gonads/Female Gonads | Male: testes/Female: ovaries |
| Gametes are | Sex Cells |
| Male Gametes/female Gametes | Male: sperm/Female: egg/ova |
| Male hormones | testosterone |
| Female hormones | estrogen(feminizing), progesterone(pregnancy) |
| Homeostasis is an | internal state of balance body will try to keep |
| Anatomical position standing: | with face, feet and palms forward; arms at side; |
| Superior | above |
| Inferior | below |
| Anterior/Posterior | Front/Back |
| Ventral | front |
| dorsal | back |
Created by:
jerwin
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