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Orbit Lab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Optic Nerve | CN II from the diencephalon. Travels through the optic canal with dura mater to the eye. transmits signals from the retina to the occipital lobe |
| Opthalmic N (NFL) | CN V1, a branch of the trigeminal nerve that is entirely sensory. Leaving the lateral pons, travels through the lateral cavernous sinus, through the superior orbital fissure where it branches into Nasociliary, Facial, Lacrimal nerves |
| Frontal N | SENSORY. Most superior N in the orbit. Splits into Supratrochlear (medial) and Supraorbital (lateral, leaves out the supreaorbital foramen). |
| Lacrimal N | Runs laterally along the wall of the orbit to the lacrimal gland. Sensory to the superiolateral eyelid and orbit. Carries postsynp parasymp fibers from pterygopalatine ganglia to lacrimal gland. |
| Nasociliary N | SENSORY. travels along the medial wall of the orbit inferior to trochlea Gives off ciliary branches. Exits medially and gives off ethmoid and infratrochlear branches. sensory to doral nose down to the apex and skin above nasolacrimal groove. |
| Difference between Long and Short ciliary N | Long Ciliary N supply sensory information from the Iris and Cornea and Symp motor to the dilator pupillae M. Short Ciliary N carry postsynp parasymp fibers the ciliary body and constrictor pupilae M. |
| Trochlear N (CN IV) | MOTOR. comes from the dorsal aspect of the midbrain to peirce the dura posterior to posterior clinoid process and traverses the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus. travels with Frontal N, Innv the Sup. Oblique M (lateral, inferior rotation of eye) |
| Differentiating between the Trochlear N and Frontal Nerve | Both Travel in superior obrit, but Trochlear N dives down into the proximal muscle belly of the superior oblique m while the frontal keeps going and bifricates. |
| Abducent N (CN VI) | MOTOR. From the anterior ponto-medullary junction, thru central cavernous sinus, thru superior orbital fissure. It innervates the Lateral Rectus M. |
| Oculomotor N (CN III) | MOTOR. From the Midbrain, thru the dura on either side of the sella turcica, anterior to the posterior clinoid processes. Can be seen inf to sup. rectus and lateral to optic nerve. All rectus muscles (minus LR), ciliary m, pupilae m, inf oblique m |
| Opthalmic A | Branch of the internal Carotid A. Traverses the optic foramen and branches in orbital cavity: Supra trochlear/orbital (superior to Sup Obl M), lacrimal (laterally), central A of retina (within dura w/ optic n) |
| Iris | Colored part of eye |
| Cornea | Outer covering of eye. Must be kept moist to maintain intergrity and correctly reflect light back to the retina. (deformities lead to impaired vision) |
| Lens | Located posterior to the iris, anterior to vetrious humor. Adjustst for near and far viewing |
| Lacrimal Gland | Lies in its own fossa in the superolateral part of each orbit. Secrets lacrimal fluid to moisten the conjunctiva and cornea. Drains into the inferior meatus via Nasolacrimal duct. Recieves Pterygopalatine postsynp parasymp innv via lacrimal N (V1) |
| Orbicularis Oculi M | O:Lacrimal bone. I:Skin aroudn the orbit and tarsal plates. I:Orbital part: Temporal branch (CN VII). Palpebral part: Zygomatic branch (CN VII). A: Closes eyelids, Orbital part winks |
| Levator Palpebrae Superioris M | O:Lesser wing of sphenoid, optic canal. I:Tarsus/skin of superior eye lid. I:CN III. A:Elevates superior Eyelid. |
| Superior Oblique M | O:Body of sphenoid. I:Passes thru trochlea and inserts on sclera. I: CN IV. A: Rotates eye lateral and inferiorly |
| Inferior Oblique M | O:Anterior floor of orbit. I: Sclera deep to LR. I: CN III. A: rotates eye medially and superiorly. |
| Lateral, Medial, Inferior, and Superior Rectus Muscles | O:Common tendenous ring. I:Sclera just posterior to the cornea. I:CN III (Except LR is CN VI). A:Pulls the eye towards their direction due to fiber shortening. **Sup and Inf also adduct and medially rotate eye |
| Supratrochlear A | Branch off the opthalmic A. Passes from supraorbital margin to the forehead and scalp. |
| Supraorbital A | Branch off the opthalmic A. Passes superiorly and psoteriorly after leaving the supraorbital foramen. Supplies the forehead and scalp. **Provides key anastomoses b/w internal and external carotid at the scalp. |
| Opthalmic V | Superior and Inferior divisions. Sup accompanies the opthalmic A. Drains to the cavernous sinus. Communicates anteriorly with facial and supra-orbital veins. |
Created by:
WeeG
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