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basic chemistry ard
things to know
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anything that occupesa space and has mass. | Matter |
| Solid, liquid, or gas. | Matter exists in one of three states |
| a. Kinetic b. Potential | Energy is the capacity to do work and exists in two forms. |
| The energy of motion. | Kinetic energy is |
| Stored energy. | Potential energy is |
| Energy is easily converted from one form to another. | Energy is easily converted from one form to another. |
| Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. | Four elements make up roughly 96% of body weight. |
| Atoms | The smallest particles of an element that retain the characteristics of that element. |
| Elements are designated by a one or two letter abbreviation called the atomic symbol. | Elements are designated by a one or two letter abbreviation called the atomic symbol. |
| Tightly packed protons and neutrons. | Each atom has a central nucleus with..... |
| a. Protons have a positive charge and weigh 1 atomic mass unit (amu) | b. Neutrons do not have a charge and weigh 1 (amu) |
| a. Electrons are found moving around the nucleus, have a negative charge, and are almost weightless. (0amu) | b. Atoms are electrically neutral and the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons |
| Equal to the number of protons of an element. | The atomic number of an element is |
| the atomic number indirectly tells us the number of electrons. | Since the number of protons to the number of electrons |
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