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Blood Flash Cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Whole blood is made of what 2 components? | Blood plasma and formed elements. |
| Blood plasma is made of what 3 components? | proteins, water, and other solutes. |
| What are the 3 main proteins found in blood? | albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen. |
| What are the 6 solutes commonly found in blood? | electrolytes, nutrients, gases, regulatory substances, vitamins, and waste products. |
| What is the definition of a formed element? | red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. |
| What are the 5 classes of formed elements? | neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. |
| Relationship between erythrocyte and erthropoesis. | the creation of erythrocytes is called erythropoesis. |
| Relationship between reticulocytes and red blood cells. | near the end of erythropoesis, red blood cell ejects its nucleus and becomes a reticulocyte. |
| Role of a neutrophil. | help protect the body against infections by killing and ingesting bacteria, fungi, and foreign dubris. |
| Role of a monocyte. | ingest dead or damaged cells and help defend against many infectious organisms. |
| Role of an eosinophil. | kill parasites, destroy cancer cells, and are involved in allergic responses. |
| Role of a basophil. | also participate in allergic responses. |
| Role of B, T, and natural killer cells. | T and natural killer cells protect against viral infections, detect and destroy some cancer cells. B cells develop into cells that produce antibodies. |
| What is hemostasis? | a sequence of responses that stops bleeding when blood vessels are injured |
| What are the 3 methods of reduction of blood loss? | Vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, and blood clotting. |
| What is a hemorrhage? | the loss of a large amount of blood from the vessels. |
| How does vascular spasm aid in hemostasis? | reduces blood loss for several minutes-hours, allowing other hemostatic mechanisms to begin. |
| How does platelet plug formation aid in hemostasis? | they come together to form a platelet plug that helps fill the gap in the injured blood vessel wall. |
| What is the difference between a thrombus and an embolus? | A thrombus is the clot itself, and the embolus is a blood clot, bubble of air, fat from a broken bone, or a piece of debris. |
| What is a pulmonary embolism and why is one dangerous? | the presence of a blood clot that gets in the way of circulation to blood tissue. Can block the blood to the heart, brain, and kidney. |
| What makes on blood group different from another? | the presence or absence of various isoantigens. |
| How is type A blood different from type blood B blood? | A blood has A antigens, B blood has B antigens. |
| How is type AB blood different from types A and B blood? | AB blood carries both A and B antigens. |
| What does an anti-A antibody do? Anti-B antibody? | Anti-A reacts with antigen A, and anti-B reacts with antigen B. |
| Who has an anti-A antibody? | Type B and Type O have it, type A and type AB do not. |
| Who has an anti-B antibody? | Type A and Type O have it, type B and type AB do not. |
| What happens in an incompatible blood transfusion? | antibodies in plasma bind to antigens on RBC's. Causes hemolysis and release hemoglobin into plasma. |
| What is the difference between Rh+ and Rh- blood? | If they have the RH antigen there Rh+, if they dont there Rh-. |
| What is anemia and what are the symptoms of anemia? | The oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is reduced. Symptoms - fatigue, paleness, and low content to cold. |
| What is the cause of iron-deficiency anemia? | Inadequate absorption of iron. |
| What is the cause of pernicious anemia? | Insufficient hemopoiesis. |
| What is the cause of hermorrhagic anemia? | Excessive loss of RBC's through bleeding. |
| What is the cause of hemolytic amemia? | RBC plasma membranes rapture prematurely. |
| What is the cause of thalassemia? | an abnormalty in one of the 4 polypeptide chains of hemoglobin. |
| What is the cause of aplastic anemia? | destruction of the red bone marrow. |
| What are the causes and symptoms of sickle cell anemia? | Cause - an abnormal kind of hemoglobin Symptom - creation of sickle cells, eventually tissue damage |
| What are the causes and symptoms of hemophilia? | Cause - deficiency of clotting which bleeding may occur Symptom - nosebleeds, blood in urine, painful joints, and tissue damage |
| What are the causes and symptoms of leukemia? | Cause - uncontrolled production and accumulation of immature keukocytes Symptom |
| Reticylcyte | counting the volume of reticulocytes in a sample of blood measures rate of erythropoesis. |
| Hematocrit | Counting the % of a blood sample that is composed of RBCs, diagnoses anemia. |
| Differential WBC count | Count various forms of WBC to assess for infections and manufacture of WBCs. |
| Complete blood count | measure volume of all blood components, measures blood components that are out of range. |
Created by:
Shayla Jochum
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