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urinary&repro
genitourinary and male repro systems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A/G | albumin-globulin ratio |
| AGN | acute glomerulonephritis |
| ARF | acute renal failure |
| ATN | acute tubular necrosis |
| BNO | bladder neck obstruction |
| BPH | benign prostatic hyperplasia |
| BUN | blood, urea, nitrogen |
| C & S | culture and sensitivity |
| cath | catheterization |
| cysto | cystoscopy |
| DRE | digital rectal examination |
| ED | erectile dysfunction |
| ESWL | extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy |
| EU | excretory urography |
| HD | hemodialysis |
| IVP | intravenous pyelography |
| IVU | intravenous urography |
| K | potassium |
| KUB | kidney, ureter, bladder |
| Na | sodium |
| PCNL | percutaneous nephrolithotomy |
| pH | symbol for degree of acidity or alkalinity |
| PSA | prostate-specific antigen |
| RP | retrograde pyelography |
| SG, sp. gr. | specific gravity |
| TSE | testicular self examination |
| TUR, TURP | transurethral resection of the prostate |
| UA | urinalysis |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| EBT | external beam therapy |
| EMG | electromyogram |
| ESRD | end-stage renal disease |
| GU | genitourinary |
| HTN | hypertension |
| PKD | polycystic kidney disease |
| RP | retrograde pyelogram |
| VCUG | voiding cystourethrography prostate |
| VUR | vesicoureteral reflux |
| acute | having rapid onset, severe symptoms, and a short course |
| aspermia | lack of, or failure to ejaculate sperm |
| anuria | the absence of urine |
| azotemia | metabolic wastes in the blood |
| balanitis | inflammation of the head of the penis |
| benign prostatic hypertrophy | enlargement of the prostate resulting in the inability of the bladder to empty completely |
| bladder | an expendable hollow organ which acts as a temporary reservoir for urine |
| Bowman's Capsule | part of the renal corpuscle; surrounds the glomerulus of the nephron |
| calculi | commonly called stones; usually composed of mineral salts |
| calyx | the cuplike division of the kidney pelvis (pl. calyces) |
| catheterization | to insert a catheter into a cavity to remove body fluid |
| circumcision | surgical removal of the foreskin from the head of the penis |
| cryptoorchidism | failure of the testes to descend into the scrotal sac prior to birth |
| cystitis | inflammation of the bladder |
| cystectomy | excision of the bladder |
| cystography | the introduction of dye into the bladder providing visualization of the bladder |
| dialysis | removal of the products of urine from the blood bye passage of the solutes through a membrane |
| diuretic | substance which increases the production of urine |
| dysuria | painful urination |
| ejaculation | the expulsion of seminal fluid from the male urethra |
| elimination | to remove, get rid of, exclude; also to pass urine from the bladder or stool from the bowel |
| epididymis | a singly, tightly coiled tube above each testis that stores sperm after it leaves the seminiferous tubules |
| epispadias | when the urethra opens on the upper surface of the penis |
| excretion | the process of expelling material from the body |
| fistula | an abnormal tube-like passage from a normal cavity or an abscess to a free surface |
| foreskin | loose skin covering the end of the penis |
| frequency | the need to void urine often, though usually only a small amount at a time |
| glomerulus | the microscopic cluster of capillaries within the Bowman's capsule of the nephron |
| gonadotropin | hormonal preparation used to raise sperm count in cases of infertility |
| GU | genitourinary |
| gynecomastia | development of abnormally large breasts in the male |
| hematuria | blood in the urine |
| hemodialysis | mechanical removal of waste substances from the blood |
| hesitancy | difficulty in starting a urine stream |
| Hilum | the recessed area of the kidney where the ureter and blood vessels enter |
| hydrocele | the accumulation of serous fluid in a cavity |
| impotence | inability of a male to obtain or maintain an erection |
| inguinal canal | passageway in the groin for the spermatic cord in the male |
| inguinal hernia | presence of small intestine in the inguinal canal |
| intravenous pyelography | (IVP) the insertion of a radioplaque material into the vein for the purpose of x-raying the kidneys and ureters |
| incontinence | involuntary discharge of urine |
| kidney | fist sized organs in the abdominal cavity whose function is to cleanse or purify the blood |
| laparoscopy | visual examination of the abdomen, through an incision just below the navel |
| KUB | kidney, ureter, bladder |
| Lithotripter | a device that destroys urinary stones with laser technology |
| micturation | voiding, urination |
| nephrolith | kidney stone |
| nephrolithiasis | presence or condition of or formation of a kidney stone |
| nephrolysis | surgical separation of an inflamed kidney from adhesions (Scar tissue) |
| nephron | filtering units located in the kidney tissue that continually adjust body conditions to add or remove substances from the blood |
| nephropexy | suspension (suturing) of the kidney |
| nephrotomography | a study in with several planes of the kidney are visualized |
| nocturia | night urination |
| oliguria | scanty/decreased urination |
| orchiectomy | surgical removal of the testes |
| orchidepididymitis | inflammation of the testes and epididymis |
| penis | the male external sex organ |
| peritoneal | pertaining to the peritoneum (the membrane which lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs) |
| phimosis | stenosis of the opening of the prepuce preventing retraction of the foreskin |
| polycystic kidney disease | a condition of multiple cysts in the kidneys |
| prostate | a gland of the male reproductive system which surrounds the proximal portion of the urethra |
| prostatectomy | excision of part or all of the prostate gland |
| prostatocystalgia | pain in the prostate and bladder |
| prostatomy | incision into the prostate |
| ptosis | a drooping or dropping of an organ or part, for example the eyelid or kidney |
| puberty | age of sexual maturation |
| pyelitis | inflammation of the renal pelvis |
| pyelolithotomy | removal of a stone from the renal pelvis by an incision |
| pyuria | pus in the urine |
| renal | pertaining to the kidney |
| renal artery | carries waste laden blood to the tubules within the kidney for purification |
| renal pelvis | an enlarged funnel-shaped extension of the ureter |
| renal vein | structure which carries blood away from the kidney |
| residual | pertaining to that which is left as a residue |
| retention | inability to void urine which is present in the bladder |
| secretion | separation of certain materials from the blood by the activity of a gland |
| semen | the mixtures of secretions from the various glands and organs that reproductive system of the male, which is expelled at orgasm |
| sperm | the male gamete or sex cell |
| spermicide | medication used to inhibit the sperm's passage to the ovum. 85% effective as a birth control measure |
| stricture | the narrowing of an opening, tube, or canal, such as the urethra or esophagus |
| TUR/TURP | transurethral resection prostate |
| Uremia | toxic condition of nitrogenous wastes in the blood |
| ureter | slender tube that conveys urine from the kidney to the bladder |
| ureterectasis | dilation of the ureter |
| ureterectomy | removal of the ureter |
| ureterpyelostomy | anastomosis of ureter and renal pelvis |
| ureterovesicostomy | reimplantation of a ureter into the bladder |
| urethra | a membranous tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body |
| urethrectomy | removal of the urethra |
| urethtritis | inflammation of the urethra |
| urethropexy | surgical fixation of the urethra |
| urethroscopy | visual examination of the urethra |
| urgency | the sudden need to expel urine or stool |
| urinalysis | urine test which provides general information on the health of the body as a whole |
| urinary system | eliminates harmful products in the blood and filters them through urination |
| urochrome | urine color |
| urologist | one who specializes in the study of the urinary system |
| varicocele | swelling and distention of veins and the spermatic cord |
| vas deferens | excretory duct of the testes |
| vasectomy | the cutting out of a portion of the vas deferens |
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