Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Systemic Anatomy
Nervous System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How does the body respond to a stimulus? | 1. Contract a muscle 2. Glands secrete 3. Initiate cellular reactions 4. Initiate a thought process |
| How does the body respond to a stimulus? | 1. Contract a muscle 2. Glands secrete 3. Initiate a cellular reaction 4. Initiate a thought process |
| What does the CNS consist of? | 1. Brain 2. Spinal Cord 3. Neuroglial Cells |
| What does the PNS consist of? | 1. Cranial Nerves 2. Spinal Nerves 3. Neuroglia Cells |
| How many pairs of Cranial Nerves are there in the CNS? | 12 Pairs |
| How many pairs of Spinal Nerves are there? | 31 Pairs |
| What are the functional divisions of the Nervous System? | 1. Somatic NS 2. Autonomic NS |
| What are the divisions of the ANS? | 1. Parasympathetic 2. Sympathetic |
| In which division of the NS consists of one neuron chain from the CNS to the neuroeffector organ? | the Somatic Nervous System |
| Which division of the NS cosists of a 2 neuron chain from the CNS to the neuroeffector organ? | Autonomic Nervous System |
| What are the functions of the nervous system? | 1. Perceive and respond to stimuli 2. Coordination & Body Control 3. Memory 4. Deductive Reasoning 5. Inductive reasoning 6. Instinctive Behavior |
| Is a motor neuron efferent or afferent? | Efferent |
| Is a Sensory neuron efferent of afferent? | Afferent |
| What is a collection of neuron cell bodies outside the CNS? | Ganglion |
| What is a collection of neuron cell bodies within the CNS? | Nucleus |
| What is a grouping of nerve fibers that interconnect regions of the CNS? | Tract |
| What is a whitish cord like structure composed of one or more bundles of myelinated nerve fibers and connective tissue that transmits impulses to and from the CNS and the body? | Nerve |
| What is a network or entanglement of nerves? | Plexus |
| What are the basic structures of a neuron? | 1. Cell Body or Soma - contains the nuclues, processing center 2. Dendrite - receiving portion (afferent) contains receptors 3. Axon - transmitting portion (efferent) |
| What portion of the axon is proximal to the body? Distal End? | 1. Axon Hillock 2. Axon Terminus |
| What myelinates nerves of the PNS? | Neurolemmocytes or Schwann Cells |
| What are the neuroglia of the PNS? | 1. Schwann Cells or Neurolemmocytes 2. Satelite Cells or Ganglionic Gliocytes |
| What lines the ventricles of the brain? | Ependymal Cells |
| What myelinates the nerves of the CNS? | Oligodendrocytes |
| What contributes to the formation of the Blood Brain Barrier? | Astrocytes and Tight Junctions |
| What are referred to as Getter Cells | Microglia Cells (Phagocytic) |
| An increase in myelination will decrease the speed of conduction across a nerve, True or False? | False, Increase myelin Increase Speed |
| What is a lipoproteinaceous material composed of regularly alternating membranes of lipid lamellae and protein? | Myelin |
| What gives the white matter of the brain and spinal cord and peripheral nerves their whitish color? | Myelin |
| What is another name for the Nodes of Ranveir? | Neurofibril Node |
| The larger the diameter of the nerve the slower the speed of transmission, True or False? | False, Larger fiber Increased speed of transmission |
| What are the 3 classifications of neurons according to diameter of the axon? | Type A B C |
| Which type of neuron is the largest? | Type A - rapid conducting (Pain) |
| Which is the smallest type of neuron? | Type C - (Visceral Sensory) |
| Which neneuron type is associated with Sympathetic / Parasympathetic fibers? | Type B |
| What are the 3 classifications according to structure? | 1. Pseudouniploar 2. Bipolar 3. Multipolar |
| Which classification of structure is special sensory? | Bipolar |
| Which classification of structure is motor? | Multipolar |
| Which classification of structure is sensory? | Pseudounipolar |
| GSA and GVA are what types of neurons? | Pseudounipolar |
| SSA and SVA are what type of neurons? | Bipolar |
| GSE and GVE are what type of neurons? | Multipolar |
| Are GVA and SVA voluntary or involuntary? | Involuntary - the V stands for Visceral implying autonomic innervation |
| What special senses are involved in SVA? | Smell and Taste |
| What refers to movement or sensations from the whole body? | General Somatic |
| What refers to organs of the body, smooth muscles, cardiac muscle and glands? | General Visceral |
| What refers to sight, hearing and equilibrium? | Special Somatic |
| What refers to smell, taste, and special skeletal muscles (traps and SCM)? | Special Visceral |
| What is another name for SVE? | Branchial Efferent |
| Does the spinal nerves contain SVE? | No just the 4 G's (GSE, GSA, GVE, GVA) No Special components |
| What are the 4 ways to classify neurons: | 1. According to direction of impulse (afferent vs. efferent) 2. Fiber Daimeter (Type A,B,C) 3. Structure (pseudounipolar, bipolar, multipolar) 4. according to tissue innervated (GSE, GSA, GVA, GVE, SSA, SVA, SVE) |
| Name the 3 connective tissue coverings of a nerve? | 1. Endoneurium - surrounds individual nerve fiber 2. Perineurium - surrounds bundles of nerve fibers 3. epineurium - surrounds entire nerve |
| What ions travel along the nerve fiber to create a stimulus? | Sodium and Potassium |
| What is the transmission of an impulse along an axon or dendrite referred to? | Conductivity |
| Does a nerve impulse travel in one or two directions? | One |
| Polarization exists when there is an ______ ______ present bertween the _______ of the cell and the _______ of the cell. | 1. Electrochemical Gradient 2. Inside 3. Outside |
| Is the inside of the cell negative or positive? | Inside - Negative (Potassium) Outside - Positive (Sodium) |
| What is the all or none response? | When a stimulus of sufficient strength triggers an action potential the nerve fires and the wave of depolarization will travel the length of the neuron without a loss of voltage as it travels |
| What is the internal voltage at which the cell will spontaneously depolarize? | Threshold |
| What is a functional connection between the axon of the presynaptic neuron and the cell membrane of the postsynaptic cell? | Synapse |
| How does the chemical impulse cross the synapse? | Diffusion |
| Where are the synaptic vesicles located? | In the axon terminal |
| What is the gap between the pre and post synaptic cells? | Synaptic Cleft |
| What is the most widespread neurotransmitter? | Ach |
| What enzyme breaks down Ach? | Acetylcholinesterase |
| Name an inhibitory ion that causes hyperpolarization? | Chloride Ions cause the cell to become more negative AKA Inhibitory Post Synaptic Potential (IPSP) |
| Name an ion that causes the cell to excitatory? | Sodium Ions cause the cell to become closer to depolarization AKA Excitatory Post Synaptic Potential (EPSP) |
Created by:
Brad Hall
Popular Anatomy sets