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Systemic Anatomy
Brachial Plexus
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Brachial Plexus is formed by the ventral rami of which spinal nerves? | C5 - T1 (51 one card shy of a full deck) |
| Spinal Nerve Roots, Ventral Rami of Spinal Nerve, and Nerve Root are all synonyms. True or False? | True |
| What forms the plexus? | Spinal Nerve Roots, Trunks, Divisions, Cords, Terminal Branches (Real Texans Drink Cold Beer) |
| Name the 3 trunks of the Brachial Plexus and the nerve roots that form them. | Superior - C5-6, Middle - C7 Inferior - C8-T1 |
| How many divisoins are there per a trunk in the Brachial Plexus? | 2 per Trunk (Anterior & Posterior) |
| Which division innervates the flexors of the arm? | Anterior Division |
| Which division innervates the extensors of the arm? | Posterior Division |
| The posterior cord comes from which trunk and which divisions? | The Middle Trunk and all 3 posterior divisions |
| THe lateral cord contains fibers from which spinal nerve roots? | C5,6,7 |
| The medial cord is a continuation of which division and contain fibers from which spinal nerve roots? | The medial cord is a continuation of the anterior division of the inferior trunk and contains fibers from C8 and T1 |
| Name the nerve(s) that derive from the following Spinal Nerve Root: C5 | Dorsal Scapular |
| Name the nerve(s) that derive from the following Spinal Nerve Root: C5,6 | Suprascapular, Subclavius, Upper Subscapular, Lower Subscapular, Axillary |
| Name the nerve(s) that derive from the following Spinal Nerve Root: C5,6,7 | Long Thoracic, Lateral Pectoral, Musculotaneus |
| Name the nerve(s) that derive from the following Spinal Nerve Root: C5,6,7,8,T1 | Radial, Median |
| Name the nerve(s) that derive from the following Spinal Nerve Root: C6,7,8 | Thoracodorsal |
| Name the nerve(s) that derive from the following Spinal Nerve Root: C8, T1 | Ulnar, Medial Pectoral, Medial Brachial Cutaneus, Medial Antebrachial Cutaneus |
| What condition is present when you have a lateral traction injury or excessive displacement of the head to the opposite side while depressing the shoulder on the same side? | Erb-Duchenne Palsy |
| What spinal nerve root is affected and consequently what nerves? | C5,6 - Dorsal Scapular (dropped shoulder & scapula falls laterally), Suprascapular (loss of lateral rotators), Axillary (Humerus rotates medially due to loss of lateral rotators & unopposed pec major) Musculotaneous (paresis of muscles of the anterior arm |
| What condition results from the excessive traction or abduction of the arm as is seen in a fall when one grasps an object to try to break a fall or when a mother snatches her bad ass kid by the arm, Pancoast's Syndrome, Thoracic Outlet Syndrome? | Klumpke's Palsy |
| Klumke's Palsy causes damage to what spinal nerve roots and affects the pateint how? | C8, T1 Weakness of the muscles that are innervated by the median & ulnar nerves, inability to abduct the fingers, atrophy of the small muscles of the hand and loss of sensation along the medial aspect of the arm. Can be associated with Horner's Syndrome |
| What condition does Klumpke's Palsy lead to? | Claw Hand due to atrophy of the small muscles of the hand |
| If you had damaged the long thoracic nerve what muscle might be affected? | Serratus Anterior |
| What condition might be present upon receiving a blow to the posterior triangle of the neck or seen in a radical mastectomy? | Winged Scapula or Flared Scapula or Sprengel's Deformity caused by problems w/ the Long Thoracic N. and possible involvement w/ the romboids |
| If a patient had difficulty in abducting the humerus past 15 degrees where might you look in the vertebral column for any subluxations? | C5,6 |
| Damage to the axillary nerve would be presented in a patient how? | Paralysis of Teres Minor and the Deltoid, Sensory deficit to the skin over the shoulder joint, difficulty in abduction of humerus past 15 degrees. |
| What nerve is commonly damged in midshaft humeral fractures? | Radial |
| Improper use of a crutch may possibly damage which nerve? | Radial |
| When you frog your buddy for being an idiot which nerve is affected? | Radial |
| Drunkard Paralysis or Church Pew Paralysis involves which nerve? | Radial |
| Damage to the radial nerve would be presented in a patient how? | Wrist drop, loss of extensor muscles, weakness of abduction and adduction of hand at carpus |
| What does formication mean? | Ahh, you got a dirty mind you. No but for real Formication means to have the feeling of ants crawling on you skin |
| Median Nerve damage would be presented by a patient how? | Dependant upon where damaged: numbness and pain in the lateral aspect of the palmar surface of the hand, inability to pronate the forearm, weakness in the thumb and severe paresis in carpal flexion |
| During a suicide attempt in which the pateint cut her wrists what nerve would you suspect to see damage in? | Median |
| What nerve is affected in Honeymooners Palsy | Median |
| What nerve is affected in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? | Median |
| What is the Carpal Tunnel formed by? | the anterior surfaces of the carpal bones and the flexor retinaculum |
| Where is the guyer's canal located? | Within the carpal tunnel |
| How is Carpal Tunnel syndome presented by a patient? | Weakness in wrist flexion, abduction, and oppostion of the thumb in flexion of digits 2 and 3. Also may see burning or pins and needles sensation in the palmar aspect of the lateral 3 1/2 fingers and paresis of the thenar muscles but no sensation loss. |
| What causes pronator teres syndome? | The median nerve get entrapped between the two heads of the pronator teres muscle |
| How is pronator teres syndome presente ddifferently from Carpl Tunnel Syndrome | They both affect the pateint in the same manner but in Pronator Teres Syndrome the palmar branch of the median nerve is affected as well so there is loss of senstion over the thenar eminence |
| What does pronator teres syndrome lead to? | Preachers Hand |
| What nerves are affected by simian hand or monkey paw? | Median and Ulnar |
| What nerve is typically damged in injuries to the elbow particulary in fractures of the medial epicondyle? | Ulnar Nerve |
| What are some typical causes students encounter with ulnar nerve damage? | Resting their elbows on the desk for extended time, or prolonged leaning forward on the hand. |
| How would ulnar nerve damage be presented? | Weakness in adduction of the hand, weakness in flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint, atrophy of the small muscles of the hand, difficulty abducting the fingers agianst resistance, loos of sensation to the skin of the hypothenar eminence |
Created by:
Brad Hall
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