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BIOS-1140

CH 5-8 - The Appendicular Skeleton

PartLocation
Atlas Cervical number 1
Axis Cervical number 2
The cervical vertebrae This section forms an anterior curve on the spinal column and supports the weight of the head.
Cervical Contains 7 vertebrae
Thoracic contains 12 vertebrae
Lumbar contains 5 vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae vertebrae that have pair of ribs attach to them.
Thoracic These vertebrae form an anterior curve on the spinal column.
12 pair of ribs number of ribs in both sexes
Lumbar vertebrae forms an anterior curve on the spinal column and supports the weight of the entire upper body.
Sacrum Consists of five fused vertebrae
Coccyx Consists of three to five fused vertebrae.
Body The main portion of the vertebrae. It is positioned anteriorly in the body.
Spinous process A spine that is projected posteriorly in the body
Vertebral foramen Located posterior to the body and anterior to the spinous process. The spinal cord passes thorugh this foramen.
Transverse process Lateral to the spinous process
Lamina The curved area between the spinous process and the transverse process
Pedicle Positioned between the body and the transverse process
Vertebral arches The pedicle and lamina that form the walls of the fertebral foramen.
Transverse foramen Foramen found only in the cervical vertebrae
Dens anterior structure on the axis
Manubrium Most superior part of the sternum
Body central part of the sternum
Xiphoid process most inferior part of the sternum
Vertebrosternal ribs rib pairs 1-7
Vertebrochondral ribs rib pairs 8-10
Floating ribs rib pairs 11-12
True ribs all vertebrosternal ribs can be called this
False ribs Vertebrochondral and floating ribs can be called this
two number of attachment points for ribs that attach to thoracic vertebrae
body & transverse process Where ribs attach to the thoracic vertebrae
manubrium cartilage of rib number one attaches here
body cartilage of ribs 2-7 attaches here
Epiphysis The two ends of the long bones
Diaphysis The shaft of the bone
Metaphysis The growing region of the bone located between the epiphysis and the diaphysis. It is composed of cartilage and also known as the growth zone.
Compact bone This edge of bone is made of osteons
Spongy bone Thjis bone is located in the marrow region
Red marrow Located in the epiphyseal regions and is involved in blood cell formation.
Yellow marrow Located in the diaphysis region and is involved in fat cell production.
Osteoblasts Cells made of bone that are involved in making bone material
Osteoclasts Cells of the bone that are involved in making the marrow carities and sinuses
Pectoral girdle Consists of four bones: two scapulae and two clavicles
Sternal end medial end of the clavicle. This end attaches to the manubrium.
Acromial end Lateral end of the clavicle. This end attaches to teh scapula.
Conoid tubercle This is on the inferior, posterior side of the clavicle nearest the acromial end.
Spinous process A rather large ridge located on the posterior side of the scapula.
Acromion A rather large bulge on the lateral edge of the spinous process.
Coracoid process A bulge that is anterior to the acromion.
Glenoid fossa (cavity) Depression located between the acromion and the coracoid process. It is located on teh lateral aspect of the scapula.
Supraspinous fossa A slight depression superior to the spinous process.
Infraspinous fossa A slight depression inferior tot he spinous process
Body The main portion of the scapula. This is typically referred to as the "blade".
Scapular notch Located on teh superior edge of the scapula margin of the scapula and a little medial to the coracoid process.
Medial border The edge of the scapula that is nearest to the spinal column.
Lateral border The edge of the scapula that is farthest from the spinal column
Inferior angle The most inferior point of the scapula
Upper limbs Consists of the humerous, radios, ulna, carpals, and hand bones (60 seperate bones)
Head The portion of the humerus that fits into the Glenoid fossa of the scapula, thus forming the ball-and-socket joint.
Greater tubercle A bulge that is lateral to the head.
Lesser tubercle A bulge that is on the anterior poirtion of the humerus. It lies between the greater tubercle and the head.
Medial epicondyle A rather large bulge located medial and distal
Lateral epicondyle A rather large bulge located lateral and distal
Capitulum One of the rounded condyles positioned between the medial and lateral epicondyle. It is the condyle that is nearest the lateral epicondyle.
Trochlea One of the rounded condyles positioned between the medial and lateral epicondyle. It is the condyle that is nearest the medial epicondyle.
Coronoid fossa A fossa located at the distal end on the anterior side
Olecranon fossa A fossa located at the distal end on the posterior side
Deltoid tuberosity A rather roughened area located about one-third of the way inferior to the greater tubercle.
Head Ther round proximal end of the radius. It pivots on the capitulum of the humerus.
Radial tuberosity Located a few centimeters inferior to the head on the medial side of the radius
Styloid pricess Located at teh distal end on the lateral side of the radius
Dorsal radial tuberosity Located at the distal end on the posterior side of the radius
Olecranon process A rather large bulge located on the posterior side of the ulna. When the arm is extended, the it fits into the olecranon fossa of the humerus.
Created by: phule
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