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Bones(Skull)
Functions of bones and features
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the function of the zygomatic bones? | Each forms the cheek and the lateral part of the orbit |
| What is the function of the specific feature of the lacrimal bones? | The lacrimal groove contains the nasolacrimal duct |
| What is the function for the Vomer? | It forms the inferior and posterior parts of the nasal septum |
| What is the function of the Inferior nasal conchae and what part of the bone does it protrude from? | Increases airflow turbulence in nasal cavity, protrudes from the interior portion of the maxilla |
| What is the function of the Palatine bones? | Each forms the posterior part of the hard palate (the horizontal plate of the palatine bone); forms small part of nasal cavity and orbit wall. |
| What does the Maxillae form? | Each forms anterior portion of face; forms upper jaw and parts of the hard plate(the palatine process of the maxilla), inferior parts of orbits, and part of the walls of nasal cavity |
| Function of the Coronoid process of the Mandible | attachment of temporalis muscle |
| Function of the Condylar process? | Articulates with the temporal bone's mandibular fossa |
| Function of the maxillary sinuses? | lightens bone |
| How many processes does the maxillary bone have? | Three: palatine process, frontal process, zygomatic process |
| How many processes does the Zygomatic bone have? | Three: temporal process, frontal process, maxillary process |
| Features of the palatine bones | Horizontal plate: forms posterior part of palate, Perpendicular plate: Forms part of nasal cavity and orbit http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwaBRqZldto |
| What bone is not connected to the others ("free floating")? | Hyoid bone, which is held by muscle and ligament attachments to the styloid process of the temporal bone |
| How many bones contribute to the orbit? Name them. | Seven: Lesser&Greater wings of the sphenoid bone, orbital part of the frontal bone, orbital surface of the zygomatic bone, orbital surface of the maxilla, orbital process of palatine bone, orbital plate of ethmoid bone, lacrimal bone |
| What bones contribute to the hard palate? | The palatine process of the maxilla and the horizontal plate of the palatine bones |
| What bones make up the superior portion of the nose? | The nasal bones |
| Function of the Inferior nasal conchae? | Increases airflow turbulence in nasal cavity |
| Name the seven features of the ethmoid bone? | Cribriform plate, Perpendicular plate, Crista galli The Lateral Masses: Superior nasal conchae, Middle nasal conchae, Orbital plate, Ethmoid air cells (in the Ethmoid sinus), |
| Function of the Cribriform plate | Has numerous holes called cribriform foramina; they provide passageways for the olfactory nerves |
| Name the lateral masses of the ethmoid | Superior nasal conchae, middle nasal conchae, orbital plate, ethmoid air cells (sinus) |
| Function of the ethmoid air cells (sinus) | Lighten bone, moisten inhaled air, and give resonance to voice |
| Function of Nasal Conchae (Superior and Middle) | Increase airflow turbulence in nasal cavity so air can be adequately moistened and cleaned by nasal mucosa |
| Function of Crista galli | attachment site for cranial dural septa to help stabilize brain within skull |
| Function of perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone | Forms superior part of nasal septum |
| What is the feature on the Sphenoid bone that has to do with a saddle? What is the depression inside this feature called and what does it house? | The Sella turcica. The hypophyseal fossa houses the pituitary gland |
| What is the function of the Sphenoidal sinuses? | Moisten inhaled air and give resonance to voice |
| What does the Optic foramen(optic canal)of the Sphenoid bone house? Where is it located? | Houses the optic nerves http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z98SNNm06Ag |
| Function of the Optic (chiasmatic) groove of the Sphenoid bone | Holds the optic nerve |
| Function of the Superior orbital fissure of the Sphenoid bone | Cranial nerves (CN) III, IV, and VI;Lacrimal nerve;Frontal nerve;Superior orbital vein; and so on... |
| Name the 5/11 features of the temporal bone | External acoustic meatus, squamous portion: groooves for middle meningeal vessels), zygomatic process, mandibular fossa, mastoid process(contains air cells) |
| Name the other 6/11 features of the temporal bone | Internal acoustic meatus, Groove for auditory tube(Eustachian tube) (between the temporal&sphenoid bone/inferior view), petrous portion, jugular foramen, Carotid canal |
| Function of external acoustic meatus | is a tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The ear canal extends from the pinna to the eardrum. The external auditory canal or meatus is the passageway that leads from the outside of the head to the eardrum of each ear. |
| Feature on the squamous portion of the temporal bone | Grooves for the middle meningeal vessels |
| Number of processes of the temporal bone? | one: zygomatic process, where it helps form the zygomatic arch |
| What is the function of the Mandibular fossa? | Articulates with the mandible (specifically the condylar process) |
| Function of the Squamous portion of temporal bone | Attachment site of some jaw muscles |
| Function of the Mastoid process | It contains air cells; attachment site of some neck muscles to extend or rotate the head |
| Function of the Internal acoustic meatus | Provides a passageway for nerves and blood vessels to and from the inner ear |
| Where can you find the groove for the auditory tube? | Between the temporal&sphenoid bone/inferior view |
| Function of Petrous portion of temporal bone | Protects sensory structures in the inner ear |
| Function of Jugular foramen of temporal bone | houses the Jugular vein |
| Carotid Canal function of temporal bone | houses the internal carotid artery |
| Be able to visualize the Petrous portion, Jugular foramen, and Carotid Canal of the temporal bone | http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsiVGc6xjcc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPRdse2pxV8 |
| Name 3/6 features for the Occipital bone | Foramen magnum, Occipital condyles, Jugular foramen (between occipital&temporal bones) |
| Name the grooves for venous sinuses of the occipital bone | Superior sagittal, Transverse, Sigmoid http://home.comcast.net/~wnor/lesson2.htm |
| Function of the Foramen magnum of occipital bone | Contains spinal cord; on either side the occipital condyles rest on the atlas(C1 of the vertebrae) |
| Function of Occipital condyles | Articulation with the first cervical vertebra (atlas) |
| Function of Jugular foramen | houses the jugular vein; cranial nerves |
| Function of the grooves of the Superior sagittal, Transverse, and Sigmoid grooves | They house the respecting venous sinuses |
| Grooves of the Parietal bone | Grooves for the middle meningeal vessels, Groove for the superior sagittal sinus http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=roDj-MVuiVQ&feature=related http://neuroangio.org/VenousSinuses.aspx |
| Number of features of the Frontal bone and name them | Orbital plate(orbital surface), frontal sinuses, zygomatic process |
| Function of frontal sinuses | lighten bone, moisten inhaled air, and give resonance to voice |
| Function of orbital plate | Forms roof of orbit |
| Name of the soft spots on a baby's head | Fontanels |
| How many "soft spots" are there? name them | Four: Anterior(frontal) fontanel, Posterior(occipital) fontanel, Anterolateral(sphenoid) fontanels*there are 2*, Posterolateral(mastoid) fontanels* there are 2* |
| Name all of the sinuses of the skull | Frontal sinuses, Maxillary sinuses, Sphenoidal sinus, Ethmoidal air cells |
| Name all of the cavities and fossae of the skull | Cranial cavity, Nasal cavity, Anterior cranial fossa, Middle cranial fossa, Posterior cranial fossahttp://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~uzwiak/AnatPhys/APFallLect9_files/image008.jpg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZoAH5_pJUTI |
| Name the sutures of the skull | Sagital,Coronal, Lambdoidal, Squamous, Wormian or sutural bones |
| What are Wormian or sutural bones? | Accessory bones within a suture of the skull;Most often the lambdoid suture |
| Name the two single facial bones | Mandible and Vomer |
| Name the six paired facial bones | Nasals, Lacrimals, Maxillae, Zygomatics, Palatines, Inferior nasal conchae(turbinates) |
| Name the four single cranial bones | Frontal, Ethmoid, Occipital, Sphenoid |
| Name the two Paired cranial bones | Parietals and Temporals |
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FutureNurse!
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