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AnatomySpeech&Hearin
Anatomy of Speech and Hearing- Quiz 6
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord. Protect and support. Holds cerebrum in place during movement. | Meninges |
The three layers of membranes | Dura Mater, Arachnoid Mater, and Pia Mater |
Tough, two layers. Adheres to skull. Made up of epidural space and subdural space. | Dura Mater |
Looks like spider web. made up of subarachoid space. | Arachnoid Mater |
Most interior. So close it hugs contours of the brain. | Pia Mater |
Series of ducts and canals within the cerebrum. Holds Fluid: Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | Ventricular System |
clear fluid, colorless. Provides protection. Maintains inter cranial pressure. Brings nutrients to the brain. takes away waste. | Cerebrospinal Fluid |
Small duct from 4th ventricle to spinal cord. | Central Canal |
Takes several hours for one trip | Pathway of CSF |
Clusters of grey cells deep in the cerebrum | Basal Ganglia |
Related to extrapyrimidal system: for course motor movement like muscle tone and posture. | Function of Basal Ganglia |
Back and forth to help refine movement. | Feedback Loops |
Parkinson's- reduced movement and Chorea- moves too much | 2 Major Types of Basal Ganglia Disorders |
Start off in the cortex and go down to brain stem and down to spinal cord. Ex: Corona Radiata | Projection Fibers |
Provide communication o different are as of the same hemisphere. Ex: Arcuate Fassiculus | Association Fibers |
Connects to one area in 1 hemisphere to another hemisphere. Ex: Corpus Collosum | Commissural Fibers |
Connects the brain and brainstem with the rest of the body. Site for both motor and sensory information. | Spinal Cord |
Below foramen magnum and stops at L1 vertebrae. | Location of Spinal Cord |
General Visceral Afferent (GVA) General Visceral Efferent (GVE) General Somatic Efferent (GSE) General Somatic Afferent (GSA) | Four Types of Spinal Nerves |
Sensory | Afferent |
Motor | Efferent |
Muscle | Somatic |
Organ | Visceral |
H-shaped mass of grey matter Anterior(Ventral) and posterior(dorsal) horn | Cross Section of Cord |
Bundles of axons. | Tracts |
Voluntary muscle movement (descending motor tract) | Pyramidal System |
Voluntary movement for hands and feet. | Corticospinal tract (Pyramidal System) |
Motor control for cranial nerves (speech) | Corticobulbar Tract(Pyramidal System) |
Cortex to pons | Corticopontine Tract (Pyramidal System) |
Clusters of cells that contain Basal Ganglia. Helps to refine movement. Nuclei involved. | Extrapyridmidal System |
Goes from red nucleus in basal ganglia to spine. | Rubrospinal Tract |
Interacts with pyramidal and exrtrapyramidal systems. Provides coordination for speech. | Cerebellar System |
Three funiculi: Posterior, Anterior, Lateral | Ascending Sensory Tract |
Fasiculus Gracicis: waist down Fasiculus Cuneans- waist up they both transmit fine touch and pressure. | Posterior Funiculus |
Anterior Spinothalamic Tract: light touch and pressure | Anterior Funiculus |
Lateral Spinothalamic Tract: pain and temperature. | Lateral Fasiculus |