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What origin is the parenchyma of the liver?
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Is the endodermal outgrowth from teh second part of the duodenum part of the parenchyma of the liver?
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Liver and Extra
Liver and Extrahepatic Bbillary Apparatus
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What origin is the parenchyma of the liver? | Mesodermal origin from septum transversum |
| Is the endodermal outgrowth from teh second part of the duodenum part of the parenchyma of the liver? | No |
| Name the 3 ducts of the duct system? | Common bile, Cystic and hepatic |
| What is posterior to the foramen of winslow? | IVC |
| how many segments are there of the liver? | 8. 4 right and 4 left |
| How many segments does the left and right hepatic artery supply of the liver? | 4 |
| What is the portal triad entering the liver? | Bile duct, Portal vein and Hepatic artery |
| Where does the aterial blood into the liver come from? | The celiac trunk and hepatic artery |
| what does the common hepatic artery branch into? | Gastroduodenal and hepatic artery proper |
| What does the hepatic artery proper branch into? | Right gastric. Most times gives off left and right branch to functional left and functional right lobe of liver |
| What does the hepatic portal vein divide into? | Major left and major right |
| Where does the hepatic portal vein begin? | Confluence of superior mesenteric artery and splenic vein |
| How does blood leave the liver? | Through hepatic veins buried in the liver and empty into IVC |
| Where is apical secretion headed? | over the synosodes and to the central vein |
| What does basolateral secretion allow the bile to do? | Flow in opposite directions. Bile canaliculi allow it. |
| True or false. 30% of the blood coming into the liver is portal vein | False. 70% |
| true or false. 30% of blood coming into the liver is from hepatic artery? | True |
| How is oxygen divided coming into liver? | 1/2 from portal system. 1/2 from hepatic artery |
| What does the superior rectal vein anastomose with? | Middle and inferior rectal vein |
| What do dorsal lumbar veins anastomose with? | Tributaries of superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric veins |
| Where do veins of the falciform ligament anastomose? | Around the umbilicus |
| Where does the middle rectal drain? | Internal iliac |
| Where does the inferior rectal drain? | Inferior pudendal and internal iliac |
| Obstruction of portal vein causes what? | Hypertension, reversal of blood |
| What is a physical sign of cancer in GI tract? | Jaundice when the skin turns yellow |
| What is an alternative to portal hypertension? | Anastomose the splenic vein to the IVC instead |
| What regulates contraction of the gall bladder? | Small peptide hormones. cholecystokinin secreted from stomach wall |
| True or False: Relaxation of sphincter of oddi is through parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve supply | False. through hormonal peptides |
| What supplies the gallbladder? | Right hepatic artery and most times cystic artery |
| What is the function of the gallbladder? | Absorbing water and concentrating bile salts and acids |
| Placement in heptaduodenal ligament | Common bile is on right. Hepatic artery proper is on left. Portal vein is posterior |
| Where can gallstones erode? | In the duodnum or transverse colon |
| Can bile leak into the peritoneal cavity? | No because the greater omentum seals it up |
| When gallbladder is inflammed and touches parietal peritoneum what happens? | Somatic pain goes back through intercostal nerves |
| Describe live liver donor transplant | Donor gives left side, lobe regeneratees right lobe grows up and is completely functional |
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