Supreme Court Cases to know for AP US Gov
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| Engel v. Vitale (1962) | show 🗑
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| Abington School District v. Schempp (1963) | show 🗑
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| Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971) | show 🗑
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| show | declared the one minute prayer in the Alabama State legislature was unconstitutional because it did not fit the secular purpose test of the Lemon test and was an affirmative endorsement of religion, thereby violating the establishment clause.
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| Schenck v. US (1919) - | show 🗑
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| show | The First Amendment applies to the states. A state may forbid speech and publication if they have a tendency to result in action dangerous to public security. There is a “dangerous tendency” test that it must pass.
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| Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969) | show 🗑
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| Tinker v. DesMoines (1969) | show 🗑
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| show | Desecration of the American flag is an expression protected under the First Amendment. Also, the government may not prohibit the expression of an idea simply because society finds it disagreeable.
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| NY Times v. US (1971) | show 🗑
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| show | Restrictions on individual contributions to political campaigns did not violate the First Amendment, but government restriction of independent expenditures and limitation total campaign expenditures did violate the First Amendment.
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| show | The court rejected Richard Nixon’s claim to an absolutely unqualified privilege against any judicial process.
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| Miller v. California (1972) | show 🗑
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| show | Obscenity is not “within the area of constitutionally protected speech or press.” Test: “whether to the average person, applying contemporary community standards, the dominant theme of the material taken as a whole appeals to prurient interest.”
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| Bethel v. Fraser (1986) | show 🗑
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| show | The First Amendment does not require schools to promote certain types of speech. Schools must set high standards for student speech as long as their actions were “reasonably related to legitimate pedagogical concerns.”
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| show | You can’t censor or prohibit a publication in advance, but the communication can be punishable after publication.
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| Reno v. ACLU (1997) | show 🗑
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| Mapp v. Ohio (1961) | show 🗑
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| show | The Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable searches and seizures requires the police to obtain a search warrant in order to wiretap a public pay phone.
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| show | Searches can be conducted with standards of reasonable suspicion rather than probable cause and justifies searches.
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| Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) | show 🗑
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| Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (1989) | show 🗑
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| Roe v. Wade (1973) | show 🗑
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| Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992) | show 🗑
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| show | partial abortions are okay and do not constitute an undue burden.
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| Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) | show 🗑
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| show | Unanimous decision declaring "separate but equal" unconstitutional.
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| show | It bars quota systems in college admissions but affirms the constitutionality of affirmative action programs.
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| Gratz v. Bollinger (2003) | show 🗑
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| show | upheld the affirmative action admissions policy because the Law School conducts highly individualized reviews of each applicant, so no acceptance or rejection is based solely on race.
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| Lawrence v. Texas (2003) | show 🗑
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| Korematsu v. US (1944) | show 🗑
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| Baker v. Carr (1962) | show 🗑
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| show | Districts have to be approximately equal in population, with a “one person, one vote.”
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| Shaw v. Reno | show 🗑
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| Fletcher v. Peck (1810) | show 🗑
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| show | The government had no authority to regulate firearms in school zones because it exceeds the power of Congress to legislate under the Commerce Clause so the federal law was unconstitutional.
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| show | President can’t line-item veto.
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| Barron v. Baltimore (1833) | show 🗑
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| show | Suspended capital punishment procedures because they were not being fairly applied
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| NRLB v. Laughlin Steel | show 🗑
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| show | Procedures to determine whether a defendant should receive the death penalty
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| US v. Morrison | show 🗑
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| show | legislative veto is unconstitutional
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| show | Fed gov cannot require state/local police to enforce a federal law without providing money and state of acceptance of that federal support
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| show | unconstitutional to mandate gender discrimination
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| Everson v. Board | show 🗑
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| show | All-white primaries are unconstitutional
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