PMI-VTT Anamoty 235 Final Exam
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| show | 10:1
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| List the steps included in a patient's signalment? | show 🗑
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| show | Connective, epithelial, nervous, muscle
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| show | 20:1
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| show | Simple Squamous, Simple Cuboidal, Simple Columnar, Stratified Squamous, Stratified Cuboidal, Pseudostratified, Columnar, Transitional, Glandular
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| ___ relys on connective tissue to supply oxygen & nutrients, and lacks blood vessels and capillaries. | show 🗑
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| show | Goblet cells
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| _____ are found only in the bladder. | show 🗑
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| show | Cartilage, Dense, & loose
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| show | Capillaries, alveoli, kidneys, Parital & Vasceral Pleura, & Parietal & Visceral Peritoneum
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| Connective tissue is made of what 3 elements? | show 🗑
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| show | Areola
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| show | Dense regular, dense irregular, elastic. Can be found in heart valves & bone periosteum
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| show | Hyaline, the weakest form
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| show | Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac
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| Histamine & Heprin are produced by what? | show 🗑
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| show | Keratinocytes
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| Found in the deepest epidermal layers, this produces melanin which is absorbed by keratinocytes. | show 🗑
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| show | Langerhans cell
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| show | Merkel cell
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| Sebum is composed of? | show 🗑
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| this gland use ducts & follicles to secrete it's substances. | show 🗑
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| show | ducts
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| show | hair follicle
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| How does Vitamin D Synthesis work? | show 🗑
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| This epithelial cell can be found in the respiratory tract | show 🗑
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| show | Exocrine glands
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| show | Goblet cells
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| theses cells make up the skin & mucus membranes | show 🗑
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| These cells line the small intestine. | show 🗑
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| ___ connects muscle to bone? | show 🗑
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| show | Linea Alba
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| Site of muscle attachment that is more stable. | show 🗑
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| The site of muscle attachment that undergoes the most movement during contraction. | show 🗑
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| show | glycogen, myoglobin
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| show | viceral & multiunit smooth muscle
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| show | flexes the shoulder
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| Brachiocephalicus- | show 🗑
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| show | adducts and advances the limb
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| show | flexes the elbow
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| Triceps brachii- | show 🗑
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| show | separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities, main muscle of respiration.
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| show | abducts the limb.
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| show | Inserts into the femur & tibia.
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| Semitendinosus- | show 🗑
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| show | Epaxials
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| show | In the walls of hollow organs, small blood vessels, Air passageways in the lungs & iris & ciliary body of the eye.
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| ____ creates a funnel to collect sound wave vibrations and directs them to the eardrum. | show 🗑
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| What is the function of the middle ear? | show 🗑
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| ____ contains the sensory receptors that convet mechanical vibrations to nerve impulses. | show 🗑
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| show | Malleus, incus, stapes
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| Humans and pigs lack what part of the eye? | show 🗑
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| The location where the image is formed, sensed & converted to a nerve impulse. | show 🗑
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| show | Cornea
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| show | Ciliary body
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| show | Sclera
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| ____ is the colored ring of the eye? | show 🗑
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| show | Pupal
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| Rods & Cones are located where? | show 🗑
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| show | Vestibule & semi-circular canals
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| Cones are? | show 🗑
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| Rods are? | show 🗑
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| show | Mechanical (touch, hearing, balance), thermal (hot,cold), electromagnetic (vision), chemical (taste, smell)
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| show | Superficial, Deep, Visceral, Acute, Chronic
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| Define proprioception | show 🗑
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| Sense of taste. | show 🗑
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| The majority of taste buds are located where? | show 🗑
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| show | Olfactory sense
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| show | Auditory sense
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| What are the parts of the external ear? | show 🗑
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| show | Temporal bones, 3 ossicles, tympanic membrane, cochlea, air, eustachian tubeOssicles link the tympanic membrane to the cochlea
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| show | Connects the middle ear cavity to the pharynx, to equalize air pressure on either side of the ear drum.
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| Within the cochlea is the fluid-filled ____ , (containing endolymph) which is the receptor organ of hearing. | show 🗑
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| The mechanical sense that controls balance? | show 🗑
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| Located medially between the eyelids and the eyeball | show 🗑
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| show | Lacrimal glands
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| show | Ectropion
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| show | Bassets, Bloodhounds, Cockers, English bulldogs, & St. Bernards.
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| A condition when the lower eye lid droops over the lower orbital rim and inverts. | show 🗑
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| show | Collies, Great Danes, Irish setters, Dobies, Golden retrievers, Rotties, & Weimaraners.
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| Name the 2 digestive enzymes found in saliva. | show 🗑
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| Peristolisis is what funciton? | show 🗑
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| show | Cardiac sphincter, fundus, body, pylorus, pyloric sphincter
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| The colon, aka large intestine has 3 parts, what are they? | show 🗑
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| G-cells secrete what? | show 🗑
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| show | Hydrochloric acid (HCL)
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| show | Pepsinogen
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| This digestive liquid is created in the liver and stored in the _____________? | show 🗑
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| Which gland secretes insulin and glycogen? | show 🗑
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| show | Renal corpusle, PCT, Loop of Henle, DCT; Nephron
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| Ethylene Glycol toxicity is caused from? What are the minimun doses for a dog? Cat? | show 🗑
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| show | Anti-diuretic Hormone (ADH)
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| show | Insulin
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| show | ADH & Aldosterone
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| Urine specifc gravity that is close to or equal to that of water would indicate? | show 🗑
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| show | Azotemia
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| show | Bacteria
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| List the five "C's" | show 🗑
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| ____ casts are the most commy type seen. | show 🗑
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| show | pH level & diet
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| You immature sperm are called ____ and are produced in the _______. | show 🗑
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| Sperm mature into adults in the ____. | show 🗑
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| show | Testicles
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| This chemical stimulates the creation of testosterone. | show 🗑
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| show | Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
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| show | Pituitary Gland
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| show | Estrogen
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| show | Leutinizing Hormone (LH)
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| show | Dog = 57-63 days; cat = 65 days
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| show | Progesterone
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| show | Oxytocin
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| The Anterior-pituitary gland produces ___ which controls milk produciton and maintains the CL duing pregnancy. | show 🗑
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| show | Ovaries, testies, adrenal gland, thyroid, pituitary, kidneys, pancreas
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| What six hormones are produced by the Anterior Pituitary Gland? | show 🗑
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| show | Posterior Pituitary Gland; ADH & Oxytocin
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| show | T3, T4 & Calcitonin
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| ___, _____ & ____ are produced by the Adrenal cortex. | show 🗑
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| show | Cortisone, cortisol, & corticosterone
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| show | Mineralocorticoid
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| show | Epinephrine, Norepinephrine; Adrenal Medulla
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| Increased production of cortisol is an indication of what disease? | show 🗑
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| show | Addison's Disease
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| show | Right & left Atrium, Right & left ventricle
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| show | Vena Cava
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| What valve seperates the right atrium & ventricle? | show 🗑
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| show | Bicuspid valve
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| Which chamber receives oxygenaged blood from the lungs? | show 🗑
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| Which vessel pumps oxygenated blood from the heart into the body? | show 🗑
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| show | Aortic semilunar valve
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| show | Sinoatrial Node (SA node)
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| What are the 2 layers of the pericardium? | show 🗑
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| The "Lub" sound is produced by which valve? | show 🗑
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| The "Dub" sound is produced by which valve? | show 🗑
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| The "contraction" of the cardiac muscle is? | show 🗑
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| The period of relaxation is called? | show 🗑
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| What is Cardiac output? | show 🗑
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| show | Stroke volume & heart rate
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| show | the bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
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| show | A heart muscle contraction in response to electrical stimuli.
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| show | heart muscle relaxation occurs when the electrolytes move back across the cell membrane rendering the cell ready for the next electrical impulse.
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| What joins vessels between arteries and veins to form an extensive network? | show 🗑
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| Define phonation: | show 🗑
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| ___ stretch across the lumen of the larynx and vibrate as air passes over them. | show 🗑
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| The ___ & ____ separate the nasal passages from the mouth. | show 🗑
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| show | Turbinates
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| show | hyoid bone
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| The trachea is composed of ____ ___ and ___ ___ held open by ___ ___rings. | show 🗑
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| External respiration takes place in? | show 🗑
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| show | Heart, large lung vessels, nerves, trachea, Esophagus, Lymphatic vessels & lymph nodes
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| show | 2 lobes
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| show | 4 lobes (cranial, middle, caudal & accessory)
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| The amount of air inspired and expired in one breath | show 🗑
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| show | Minute Volume
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| show | Hiccups
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| show | Central nervous system (CNS)
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| show | Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
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| Structurally and functionally supports and protects neurons. | show 🗑
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| Receive stimuli, or impulses, from other neurons and conduct the stimulation to the cell body. | show 🗑
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| show | Axons
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| The basic functional units of the nervous system and has a high requirement for oxygen. | show 🗑
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| show | Cranial Nerves
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| show | Spinal Nerves
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| show | synapse
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| show | Norepinepherine, Epinepherine, Dopamine
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| Associated with the “fight-or-flight” reactions of the sympathetic nervous system. | show 🗑
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| show | Epinepherine
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| Involved in autonomic functions and muscle control, Low ___ = Parkinson’s disease. | show 🗑
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| List the sections of the brain. | show 🗑
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| show | Cerebrum
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| show | Cerebellum
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| Diencephalon houses ___ that regulates hormone production and release. | show 🗑
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| Interface between the nervous and endocrine systems, regulates temperature, hunger & thurst. | show 🗑
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| show | Brainstem
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| Separates the capillaries in the brain from the nervous tissue. Stops drugs from effecting the brain, but allows to work on the body. | show 🗑
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| show | cortex & medulla
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| show | Submandibular, Parotid, Superficial cervical, Inguinal, Popliteal
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| Organs of the lymphatic system? | show 🗑
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| What is GALT | show 🗑
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| show | Natural killer cells
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| Responsible for cell-mediated immunity and activating B-cells | show 🗑
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| show | T-cells
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| show | B-cell
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| show | B-cells
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| show | filter bacteria in the liver, liver specific
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| show | glycogen
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| show | Glucagon
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| show | Prothrombin
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| What are the structures of the urinary tract? | show 🗑
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| Function of the diuresis is under the control of? | show 🗑
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| erythropoietin & prostaglandins are produced by what organ? | show 🗑
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| show | the passage of water across a semi-permeable membrane from a weaker to a stronger solution.
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| show | the passage of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
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| show | Dogs: 180 mg/dl Cats: 240 mg/ml
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| show | aldosterone & ADH
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