Skeletal System
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| Skeletal System | Made up of organs called bones (206 in adult human). Act as a framework, protect, level, store and protect blood cells.
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| Diaphyris | Shaft, or middle section, of the long bone
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| Epiphysis | Two extremities or ends of the long bone
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| Medullary Canal | Cavity in the diaphysis that contains yellow marrow
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| Yellow Marrow | Made up mainly of fat cells. Fill the medullary canal.
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| Endosteum | Membrane that lines the medullary canal and keeps the yellow marrow intact
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| Red Marrow | Found in certain bones such as the vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and cranium; and in the proximal ends of the humerus and femur. It produces red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells.
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| Periosteum | Though membrane that covers the outside of the bone ehich contains blood and lymph vessels and osteobalsts (special cells that form new bone tissue)
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| Axial Skeleton | Forms the main trunk of the body; composed of the skull, spinal column, ribs and breastbone.
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| Appendicular Skeleton | Forms the extremities and is composed of the shoulder or girdle, arm bone, pelvic girdle, and leg bones.
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| Cranium | Spherical structure that surrounds brain and protects it.
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| Fontanels | "Soft spots" in the cranium at birth; spaces that allow for the enlargement of the skull as the brain grows. Made of membrane and cartilage.
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| Sutures | Areas where the cranial bone have joined together
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| Sinuses | Air spaces in the bones of the skull that act as resonating chambers for the voice. They are lined with mucus.
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| Foramina | Openings in the bone that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter or leave the bone.
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| Vertebrae | Spinal column made of 26 bones. Bones that protect the spinal cord and provide support for the head and trunk.
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| Ribs | Attach to the thoraci vertebrae on the dorsal surface of the body. 12 pairs, also called castae.
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| Carpals | Bones of the wrist. 8 per hand.
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| Clavicles | collarbones; there are 2.
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| Femur | Thigh bone; 1 per leg
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| Fibula | Lower leg bone; 1 per leg.
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| Foramina | openings in bones that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter or leave the bone
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| Humerus | upper arm bone; 1 per arm
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| Joints | Areas where 2 or more bones join together.
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| Ligaments | connective tissue bands that help hold long bones together at joints.
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| Metacarpals | bone at the plam of the hand
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| Metatarsals | bone at the insetp of the foot.
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| Os coxae | two coxal, or hip bones, that join togetehr the sacrum of the dorsal part of the body and make up the pelvic girdle.
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| Patella | Kneecap; 1 per leg
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| Phalanges | Finger bones; 14 per hand.
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| Radius | Lower amr on the thumb side; 1 per hand.
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| Scapula | 2 shoulder bones
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| Sternum | breast bone
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| Tarsals | Ankle bones. 7 per foot.
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| Tibia | lower leg bone (bigger one)
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| Ulna | Larger bone of the lower arm with a projection called olecranon process at its upper end forming an elbow.
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