A & P MOD 2.3
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| Neutralism | show 🗑
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| show | In parts of Africa herds of animals, like zebras and wildebeests, travel and graze together. The increased size may allow a greater degree of alertness to danger from predators, but there is essentially no direct benefit to either type of organism.
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| Parasitism | show 🗑
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| show | A relationship between two organisms that live inside humans in mutualistic relationships. They are nonpathogenic.
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| show | However, other organisms that enter the body can cause a variety of diseases, generally through the production of toxins that disrupt normal cell functioning.
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| Classes of microorganisms | show 🗑
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| show | a widely distributed unicellular organism that may or may not cause disease.
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| The pleural of bacterium is bacteria. There are three primary ways of classifying bacteria. They are classified by their shape, by their arrangements, and by whether they require oxygen or not. | show 🗑
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| show | a subcellular organism that reproduces as a parasite within other organisms and, consequently, is pathogenic.
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| Viruses are smaller than bacteria. They consist of DNA or RNA within protein shell of each virus has a distinct shape. During reproduction, the virus enters a cell in the host and uses the chromosomes and enzymes in the cell to replicate itself. | show 🗑
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| Unicellular | show 🗑
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| show | The organism that provides the resources required to sustain a parasitic relationship.
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| Protozoan | show 🗑
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| The plural of protozoan is protozoa. Many protozoa are pathogenic to humans. Some, such as those that cause amebic dysentary and glardiasis, are contracted by consuming infected food or water. | show 🗑
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| show | a capsule that forms around microorganisms before they enter dormant periods.
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| Some microorganisms enter periods in which they are inactive, often because environmental conditions may not be favorable to them, such as during a drought. | show 🗑
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| show | a condition of severe diarrhea often accompanied by blood and mucus that results form an infection of protozoa.
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| Giardiasis | show 🗑
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| show | A parasitic infection of red blood cells by plasmodium virus transmitted by the bite of certain mosquitoes.
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| Fungus | show 🗑
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| show | In some cases, persons with weakened immune systems may experience serious illness and even death from inhaling spores that infect the pulmonary regions. A yeast induced illness is called a mycosis.
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| A yeast induced illness is called a mycosis.Unicellular fungi are called yeast, and many of them are pathogenic to humans, causing yeast infections in moist areas of the body, athletes foot, ringworm, and other conditions. | show 🗑
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| show | the dormant form of a bacterium or the reproductive form of a fungus.
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| Worm | show 🗑
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| Generally referred to as helminths in the medical profession, parasitic worms can produce very serious infestations because they live inside the body and feed on the host's blood and nutrients. | show 🗑
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| Infestation | show 🗑
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| show | an invertebrate organism with six or more jointed legs and an exoskeleton.
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| All insects, arachnids, and creatures such as lobsters and crabs are arthropods. | show 🗑
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| Arthropods such as fleas, ticks, flies, and mosquitoes can present additional risks to humans by carrying infectious organisms that enter the bloodstream when the arthropod bites. | show 🗑
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| Invertebrate | show 🗑
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| show | a characteristic of some organisms in which the outer tissue of parts of the body are hardened to the point that they support attached softer tissues.
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| show | a condition of being highly sensitive to foreign substances that enter the body often because the persons immune system does not respond to the antigen of the substance.
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| show | Organisms that normally live in and on the bodies of healthy persons without causing harm when located in specific sites.
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| Transient flora | show 🗑
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| show | identifies the shape of a protein and indicates a positive or negative characteristic of the pathogen that allows preliminary of the organism as an aid to diagnosis.
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| show | One method of identifying bacteria is the gram stain, in which and infected sample, such as saliva, is treated with a dye and examined under a microscope. The shape and color of the organism is apparent under the microscope.
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| show | Since a genus will react as either positive or negative and a shape may be particular to a genus or species, the gram stain is often enough to specifically identify an organism.
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| The tough outer cell wall | show 🗑
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| show | often colonize with each other so that another way of identifying bacteria is by the shape of their colonies.
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| Bacteria reproduce | show 🗑
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| Aerobic species | show 🗑
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| show | require that no oxygen be present in order to reproduce.
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| show | can preproduce with or without oxygen.
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| Facultative | show 🗑
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| Rickettsiae | show 🗑
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| show | and are often spread by arthropods.
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| show | can be treated with antibiotics.
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| Viruses | show 🗑
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| show | exhibits a shape that is characteristic of that virus.
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| show | when they are within the living cells of a host organism.
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| A virus will use the nucleic acids and enzymes | show 🗑
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| The severity of a viral disease depends on the type of cells that are infected. | show 🗑
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| Some viruses can become dormant so that they present no signs of infection and then become active again after a period of time, even years later. | show 🗑
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| Some viruses can be transmitted from a pregnant woman to her fetus. | show 🗑
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| show | unicellular, live in water and soil, can form cysts and become dormant, generally spread from food or water contaminated with cysts.
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| Fungi | show 🗑
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| show | may be uni or multicellular, infestation generally occurs as a result of a break in the skin or a trauma, includes surgery, and is limited to the skin or bursa, skin lesions that resemble many other conditions the diagnosis must be confirmed through labs.
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| show | live off nutrients in the host's body, in the host's blood, or on the host itself.
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| show | have several stages of life involving eggs, larvae, and adult stages.
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| show | generally inhabit specific body sites.
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| show | the inhabited site varies with the stage of development and may even involve more than one host species.
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| show | generally afflict the surface of a host's body and present little direct risk to the host.
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| Vectors of disease | show 🗑
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