Anatomy Vocab Ch 13 Marieb
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| nares | show 🗑
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| show | externally visible part of the respiratory system
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| nasal cavity | show 🗑
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| olfactory receptors | show 🗑
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| respiratory mucosa | show 🗑
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| show | nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli; purify, humidify and warm the incoming air
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| show | the terminal air sacs; dead end of the incoming oxygen; where the gas exchanges with blood
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| show | lobes of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity, increase the surface area of the mucosa exposed to air; increase air turbulence in the nasal cavity; three levels, superior, middle, inferior
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| show | the partition between the nasal cavity and the oral cavity; both hard, supported by bone and soft, unsupported posterior part
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| cleft palate | show 🗑
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| paranasal sinuses | show 🗑
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| show | lighten the skull, act as resonance chambers for speech; produce mucus, draining into the nasal cavities
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| nasolacrimal ducts | show 🗑
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| show | inflammation of the nasal mucosa
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| sinusitis | show 🗑
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| sinus headache | show 🗑
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| show | muscular passageway 5 inches long vaguely resembling a short garden hose; the throat
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| posterior nasal aperture | show 🗑
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| show | air enters into this from the nasal cavity
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| show | the middle portion, between the naso- and laryno-pharynx
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| show | the lower portion of the pharynx
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| esophagus | show 🗑
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| show | drain the middle ear into the nasopharynx
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| otitis media | show 🗑
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| tonsils | show 🗑
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| show | adenoid, high in the nasopharynx
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| show | in the oropharynx at the end of the soft palate
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| show | at the base of the tongue
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| show | inflamed and swollen pharyngeal tonsil tissue
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| show | voice box; routes air and food into the proper channels; plays a role in speech; formed by eight rigid hyaline cartilages, and epiglottis
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| show | part of the larynx cartilage, AKA adam's apple
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| show | protects the superior opening of the larynx; forms a lid over the opening of the larynx, routing food into the esophagus
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| show | mucous membrane of the larynx; vibration of these allow us to speak
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| glottis | show 🗑
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| trachea | show 🗑
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| show | causes the trachea to be fairly rigid; aids the esophagus in staying open and expanding
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| show | formed by the division of the trachea; joins at the hilum of the lung; right is wider, straighter and shorter than the left
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| show | fairly large organs, occupy the entire thoracic cavity except for the mediastinum
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| mediastinum | show 🗑
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| apex | show 🗑
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| base | show 🗑
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| pulmonary (visceral) pleura | show 🗑
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| show | lines the walls of the thorcic cavity
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| pleural fluid | show 🗑
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| pleural space | show 🗑
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| pleurisy | show 🗑
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| bronchioles | show 🗑
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| terminal bronchioles | show 🗑
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| show | respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli; the only site of gas exchange
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| show | serve as conduits to and from the respiratory zone
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| show | connect neighboring air sacs of the alveoli
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| respiratory membrane (air-blood barrier) | show 🗑
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| show | go in and out of alveoli, picking up bacteria, carbon particles and debris
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| show | lipid molecule produced by cuboidal cells, coats the gas-exposed alveolar surfaces, aids in lung function
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| show | pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, respiratory gas transport, internal respiration
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| show | breathing; depends of the volume changes occurring in the thoracic cavity
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| external respiration | show 🗑
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| repiratory gas transport | show 🗑
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| internal respiration | show 🗑
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| inspiration | show 🗑
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| show | air is leaving the lungs
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| show | respiratory inspiratory muscle
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| external intercostals | show 🗑
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| intrapulmonary volume | show 🗑
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| show | exhalation, largely passive process depending on the natural elasticity of the lungs
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| show | the depression of the rib cage, forcing air from the lungs
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| intrapleural pressure | show 🗑
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| show | lung collapse
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| pneumothorax | show 🗑
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| show | result of reflex activity; laughing, crying, a result of emotion
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| show | normal, quiet breathing, air moving in and out of the lungs with each breath
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| inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) | show 🗑
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| show | the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a tidal expiration
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| residual volume | show 🗑
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| show | the total amount of exchangeable air; the sum of TV + IRV + ERV
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| show | the air that never reaches the alveoli
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| show | measures the respiratory capacity
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| show | the sounds that can be picked up with a stethoscope
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| show | occur as air fills the alveoli; soft and resembles a muffled breeze
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| show | oxygen attaching to hemoglobin molecules inside the RBC
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| bicarbonate ion (HCO3) | show 🗑
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| carbonic acid (H2CO3) | show 🗑
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| show | several causes, can become hypoxia
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| show | inadequate oxygen intake, causing bluish cast in skin
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| show | skin becomes a bluish tint due to inadequate oxygen intake
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| medulla | show 🗑
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| show | normal respiratory rate
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| pons | show 🗑
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| hyperpnea | show 🗑
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| show | physical, volition (conscious control), emotional, chemical
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| show | blows off carbon dioxide and decreases the amount of carbonic acid, returning blood pH to normal range
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| show | extremely slow or shallow breathing
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| show | cessation of breathing
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| dyspnea | show 🗑
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| chonic bronchitis | show 🗑
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| show | alveoli enlarge, chronic inflammation promotes fibrosis of the lungs, airways collapse during expiration and obstruct outflow of air
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| show | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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| show | highest in newborn (40-80 per minute), infant (30 per min), 5 years (25 per min), adult (12-18 per min)
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| asthsma | show 🗑
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| show | occurs when the muscles that support the soft tissues in your throat temporarily relax; when these muscles relax, airway is narrowed or closed
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