GE 258 CH 3
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| material between plasma membrane and the necleus | cytoplasm
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| largely water with dissolved protein, salts, sugars, and other solutes | cytosol
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| metabolic machinery of the cell | cytoplasmic organelles
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| chemical substances such as glycosomes, glycogen granules, and pigment | glycosomes
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| provides most of the cell's ATP | mitochondria
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| site of protein synthesis | ribosomes
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| interconnected tubes and parallel membranes enclosing cisternae | Endoplasmic Reticulum
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| manufactures all secreted proteins | Rough ER
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| catalyzes reactions in various organs of the body (detoxification of drugs) | Smooth ER
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| functionsin modification, concentration, and packaging of proteins | golgi apparatus
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| spherical membranous bags containing diegestive enzymes | lysosomes
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| demolition crew | lysosomes
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| memberanous sacs containing oxidases and catalases | perioxisomes
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| detoxify harmful or toxics substances | perioxisomes
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| neutralize dangerous free radicals | perioxisomes
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| the "skeleton" of the cell | cytoskeleton
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| consists of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments | cytoskeleton
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| dynamic strands of the protein actin | microfilaments
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| help form desmosomes (junctions between cell) | intermediate filaments
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| dynamic, hollow tubes made of the spherical protein tubulin | microtubules
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| determines the overall shape of the cell and distribution oforganelles | microtubules
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| dark-staining spherical bodies within the nucleus responsible for the production of ribosomes | nucleoli
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| composed of phingolipids and cholesterol | lipid rafts
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| are concentrating plateforms for cell-signaling molecules | lipid rafts
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| impermeable junction that encircles the cell | tight junctions
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| anchoring junction scattered along the sides of the cells | desmosome
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| a nexus that allows chemical substances to pass between cells | gap junction
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| anchors cells to the extracellular matrix | Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs)
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| assist in movement of cells past one another | Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs)
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| diffues nonpolar and lipid-soluble substances | simple
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| transport of glucose, amino acids, and ions | facilitated diffusion
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| total concentration of solute particles in a solution | osmolarity
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| how a solution affects cell colume | tonicity
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| solutions with the same solute concentration as that of the cytosol | isotonic
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| solutions having greater solute concentration than that of the cytosol | hypertonic
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| solutions having lesser solute concentration that that of the cytosol | hypotonic
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| ____ is valuable and less avaliable | K+
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| Sodium-Potassium Pump: Net ratio | 3Na out of cell 2K into the cell
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| transport of large particles and macromolecules across plasma membranes | vesicular transport
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| moves substance from the cell interior to the extracellular space | exocytosis
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| enables large particles and macromolecules to enter the cell | endocytosis
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| threadlike strands of DNA and histones | chromatin
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| cell cycle contains ___ phases | two
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| two phases of cell cycle | 1. interphase 2. mitiotic phase
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| ___ untwists the double helix and exposes complementary strands | helicase
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| ___ uses RNA primers to begin DNA synthesis | replisome
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| ___ continues fromt he primer and covalently adds complementary necleotides to the template | DNA polymerase III
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| nuclear division | Mitosis
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| division of the cytoplasm | cytokinesis
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| phases of mitosis | 1. propase 2. metaphase 3. anaphase 4. telophase
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| formed in late anaphse by contractile ring | cleavage furrow
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