chapters 15-17 in class
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | a cmplex system of nerves that govern involuntary actions, works constantly with the somatic nervous system to regulate body organs and maintain normal internal functions
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| ANS: is it a convergent or a divergent circuit | show 🗑
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| show | fight or flight, the sympathetic
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| show | digestion, urination, defication,
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| show | parasympathetic system
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| show | yes
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| show | involuntary
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| somatic nervous system: uses both ____ and ____ neurons to conduct stimulus information from a sensory receptor | show 🗑
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| somatic nervous system: what do somatic motor neurons do | show 🗑
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| does the ANS utilize both sensory and motor neurons | show 🗑
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| show | provide input to activate the ANS (use pre and post ganglionic fibers) blood vessels and cell visceral walls
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| somatic nervous system: type of control | show 🗑
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| somatic nervous system: number of neurons in pathways | show 🗑
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| somatic nervous system: are ganglia associated with the motor neuron | show 🗑
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| show | general somatic senses, proprioception, special senses
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| somatic nervous system: are ganglia associated with the sensory imput | show 🗑
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| somatic nervous system: what are the effector organs | show 🗑
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| somatic nervous system: what is the response to the effectors | show 🗑
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| show | acetylcholine (ACh)
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| show | myelinated sheath, thick ;fast conduction
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| show | involuntary control (from brainstem, hypothalamus, limbic system, and SC)
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| show | two neurons, preganglionic neuron in the CNS projects an axon to ganglionic neuron, ganglionic neuron projects a postganglionic axon to the effector
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| show | autonomic ganglia, sympathetic trunk, prevertebral ganglia, ternminal ganglia
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| atonomic nervous system: what is the sensory imput | show 🗑
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| show | posterior root ganglia, sensory ganglia of the cranial nerves
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| show | cardiac muscle fibers, smooth muscle fibers, glands
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| show | either excitation or inhibition of effector
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| atonomic nervous system: what neurotransmitter is released | show 🗑
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| where is norepinephrine made | show 🗑
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| show | preganglionic are thin and myelinated, postganglionic are thinner unmyelinated, slow conduction
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| ANS: the preglanglionic cell body is housed where | show 🗑
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| ANS: the preganglionic neuron synapses with what | show 🗑
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| show | pre and post ganglion meet
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| show | the effector
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| show | when axons from numerous preganglionic cells synapse (converge) on a single ganglionic cell
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| neuron chains: when does neuronal divergence occur | show 🗑
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| divisions of the ANS: the ANS is subdivided into what 2 divisions | show 🗑
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| show | that they both use a preganglionic neuron and a ganglionic neuron to innervate muscles or glands, both contains the autonomic ganglia that house the ganglionic neurons, both are involuntary and concerned with body's internal function
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| show | they both do drastically different functions
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| parasympathetic division: aka | show 🗑
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| show | conserving energy and replenishing nutrient stores
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| parasympathetic division: when is it most active | show 🗑
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| parasympathetic division: participates along with the sympatheic division in maintaining what | show 🗑
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| show | thoracolumbar division; "fight or flight"
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| sympathetic division: primarily concerned with what | show 🗑
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| show | increased alertness, metabolic activity necessary for these activities as well as in times of fear
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| show | the brainstem or lateral grey matter of the s2-s4 SC regions (paur of places cranio sacral)
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| show | in the lateral horns of the T1-L2 SC regions (the thoralumbar division)
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| parasympathetic division: what CN are involved | show 🗑
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| show | the parasympathetic
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| show | yes, large
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| show | no; smaller
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| show | pre
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| show | post
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| ANS: what division the parasympathetic or sympathetic exhibit more branching | show 🗑
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| ANS: where are ganglionic neurons found in the parasympathetic divsion | show 🗑
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| ANS: where are ganglionic neurons found in the sympathetic divsion | show 🗑
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| ANS: what does the CN III do in regards to the parasympathetic system | show 🗑
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| ANS: what does the CN VII do in regards to the parasympathetic system | show 🗑
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| show | parotid gland secretions
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| show | stimulates most abdominal organs, wandering, mucus production, decreases HR, decreases diameter of airways, activity of digesting organs
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| show | distal portion of the large intestines, most reproductive organs, bladder, distal part of teh ureter
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| show | increases
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| show | increases
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| show | when body must process nutrients and conserve energy
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| ANS: in the parasympathetic divsion lack of ____ in preganglionic axons prevent _______ seen in the sympathetic division | show 🗑
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| ANS: effects of the parasympethic system are discrete or widespread | show 🗑
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| ans: sympathetic- is it more or less complex then the parasympethtic | show 🗑
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| show | sympathetic
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| ANS: where arethe left and right sympathetic trunks located | show 🗑
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| show | the ganglia tehy house the sympathetic ganglionic neuron cell bodies
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| show | spinal nerve
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| show | in mass activation a large number of ganglionic neurons activate many effector organs which causes heightened sense of alertness due to stimulation of the reticular activation system
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| ANS: how are organs innervates | show 🗑
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| ans: how does communication take place | show 🗑
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| show | balance
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| another name for balance is | show 🗑
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| show | conscious awareness of incoming sensory info
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| a stimulus has to reach what part of the brain to result in a sesation of that stimulus | show 🗑
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| show | receptors
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| show | general senses, special senses
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| show | temp, pain, touch, stretch, pressure
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| receptors: def of special senses | show 🗑
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| show | both external and internal environmental conditions and conduct info about those stimuli to the CNS, make us aware of stimulus
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| what is the receptive field of the receptor | show 🗑
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| show | easily
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| show | gernal region of stimulis
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| show | 99%
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| show | the post central gyrus
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| def of tonic receptor | show 🗑
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| def of phasic reception | show 🗑
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| general sense receptors: how are the distributed inthe body | show 🗑
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| special sense receptors: how are the distributed inthe body | show 🗑
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| show | stimulus origin, receptor distribution, modality of stimulus,
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| show | exteroceptors, interoceptors, proprioceptors
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| interoceptors: AKA | show 🗑
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| interoceptors: def | show 🗑
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| interoceptors: are we aware of these receptors | show 🗑
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| show | muscles, tendons anf joints
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| proprioceptors: what do they detect | show 🗑
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| show | the CNS
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| exteroceptors: detect what stimulus | show 🗑
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| show | on skin or Mucous membrane that open to outside of body
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| show | special
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| receptor distribution: general senses- arethe structually simple or complex | show 🗑
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| receptor distribution: general senses- def of somatic | show 🗑
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| receptor distribution: general senses- somatic- chemical | show 🗑
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| show | respond to change in tep
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| receptor distribution: general senses- somatic- def of pain | show 🗑
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| receptor distribution: general senses- somatic- def of touch | show 🗑
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| show | monitor changes in tesion of muscles, tendons and joints
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| show | detect mechanical vibration or stretch
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| receptor distribution: general senses- visceral- located where | show 🗑
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| show | responds to certain molecules
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| receptor distribution: general senses- visceral- defof temperature | show 🗑
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| show | cold
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| receptor distribution: general senses- visceral- def of pressure | show 🗑
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| receptor distribution: special senses- are the structurally complex or simple | show 🗑
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| show | in the head
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| show | perceives taste
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| receptor distribution: special senses- def of olfaction | show 🗑
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| show | perceives object reflected or omitted light
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| receptor distribution: special senses- def of equilibrium | show 🗑
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| receptor distribution: special senses- def of hearing | show 🗑
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| show | stimulatiing agent
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| modality of stimulus: def of chemoreceptors | show 🗑
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| modality of stimulus: def of thermoreceptors | show 🗑
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| modality of stimulus: def of photoreceptors | show 🗑
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| modality of stimulus: def of mechanoreceptors | show 🗑
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| modality of stimulus: def of baroreceptors ; subtype of what | show 🗑
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| show | respond to pain
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| show | it occurs when sensory impulses from two different organs are conducted to the brina in a common pathway (ex heart is innervate to t1-t4 which can be referred to the medial side of the arm and pectoral region during myocardial infarction
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| what is the most numerous type of receptor | show 🗑
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| show | mechanoreceptors the react to touch, pressure and vibration stimuli
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| tactile receptors: where are they located | show 🗑
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| tactile receptors: unencapsulated- are they simpel or complex | show 🗑
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| show | terminal branches of dendrites, not in CT
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| show | in free nerve endings, root hair plexuses, tactile discs
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| show | form a weblike sheath around hair follicles, detect light touch when hair moves
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| show | also colled merkel discs, receptors of fine touche, toward surface of skin
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| tactile receptors: encapsulated-what are the types | show 🗑
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| tactile receptors: encapsulated- def of krause bulbs; where are they located | show 🗑
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| show | detect deep pressure and high frequency vibrations
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| show | detect both continuous depp pressure and distorion of the skin do not adapt, tonic
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| tactile receptors: encapsulated- def of tactile corpuscles ; where are they located | show 🗑
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| show | sensation with body part after removal or amputation
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| phantom pain: why does it occur | show 🗑
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| show | in specialized taste buds on the surface of the tongue
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| gustation: taste buds located on what surface | show 🗑
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| show | filiform, fungiform, vallate, foliate
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| show | nipple like structure
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| gustation: papillae- def of filiform; location | show 🗑
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| show | contain only a few taste buds each; tip and sides of the tongue
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| gustation: papillae- def of vallate; location; shape | show 🗑
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| show | gustatory cells
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| gustation: taste buds- how long do they live | show 🗑
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| show | after age 50
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| show | the insula
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| gustation: the primary sensory neuron axons from gustatory cells pass from the tongue to where | show 🗑
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| gustation: what are the five basic taste sensations | show 🗑
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| show | sodium
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| show | sugar
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| show | H+
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| gustation: taste sensations- bitter is the taste of what | show 🗑
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| show | meat, savory
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| olfaction: olfactory nerves- detect what; aka | show 🗑
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| olfaction: supporting cells- what do they do | show 🗑
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| olfaction: basal cells- def | show 🗑
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| olfaction: how many different tastes can is recognize | show 🗑
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| show | 1
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| olfaction: it helps give us a sense of what other special sense | show 🗑
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| vision: what do visual receptors do | show 🗑
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| show | provide superficial covering over its anterior exposed surface, prevent foreign objects from coming into contact with teh eye, keep the exposed surface moist clean and lubricated
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| show | lacrimal gland
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| vision:what provides superficial covering over its anterior exposed surface | show 🗑
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| vision: what prevents foreign objects from coming into contact with teh eye | show 🗑
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| vision: lgiht comes through where ; | show 🗑
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| show | the schlera
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| show | iris
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| show | a vascular
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| vision: the cornea gets is nutrients from where | show 🗑
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| show | lacrimal gladns
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| vision: the posterios cavity is filled with what | show 🗑
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| vision: the anterior cavity is filled with what | show 🗑
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| vision: the anterior chamber starts where and ends where | show 🗑
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| show | behind the lens to the iris
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| vision: the internal space of the eye is subdivided by the ____ into 2 cavities | show 🗑
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| show | space anteror to the lends and psterior to the cornea
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| vision: the anterior cavity is further divided into ___ by the _____ | show 🗑
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| vision: aqueous humor: what cavity contains this | show 🗑
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| vision: aqueous humor: what does it do | show 🗑
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| vision: aqueous humor: it secretes where and then flows where | show 🗑
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| vision: vitreous humor: located; def | show 🗑
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| show | each optic nerve conducts visual stimulus info and the optic chasm some axons decussate (criss-cross), the optic tract on each side then contains axons from both eyes, visual stimulus info is procedded by the thalamus the interpretated
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| show | at the optic chasm
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| vision: eye structure: shape; is it hollow | show 🗑
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| show | transparent structure with organelle-less cells filled with protein called crystallin, focuses incoming light onto retina
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| vision: eye structure: what are the 3 layers from the wall of the eye from superficial to deep | show 🗑
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| show | schlera, cornea
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| vision: eye structure: vascular tunic- what structures are located here | show 🗑
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| vision: eye structure: neural tunic- what structures are located here | show 🗑
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| vision: eye structure: fibrous tunic- def of sclera | show 🗑
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| show | convex to refract light; simple squamous epithelium
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| show | the conjunctiva; the sclera
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| vision: eye structure: fibrous tunic- cornea: exterior epithelial receives nutrients from where | show 🗑
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| show | aqueous humor
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| show | uvea
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| vision: eye structure: vascular tunic- def of choroid | show 🗑
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| show | bonads of smooth muscle organized into a ring and suspensory ligaments that suport and give shape to the eye
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| vision: eye structure: vascular tunic- def of iris | show 🗑
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| show | parasympathetic; sympathetic
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| show | the nervous layer that receives lgiht on the nerve endings on CN II
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| show | external ear, middle ear, inner ear
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| show | located mostly on teh outsideof body; auricle, external auditory canal, terminates at teh tympanic membrane
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| show | tympanic cavity, auditorytube, auditory ossicles
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| show | semicircle canal cochlea
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| hearing: inner ear- movement of the inner ear fluid results in what | show 🗑
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| show | the auditory tube
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| show | the nasopharync from teh middle ear
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| hearing : the middle ear- eustachiam tubes- air moving through these tubees allows what | show 🗑
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| hearing : the middle ear- the tumpanic cavity of the middle ear houses what | show 🗑
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| show | malleus (hammer), incus (anvil) and the stapes (stirrup)
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| show | the tympanic cavity
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| hearing : the middle ear- what does teh bony wall that houses the oval and round window do | show 🗑
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| hearing : the inner ear- what is the bony labyrinth | show 🗑
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| hearing : the inner ear- what is teh vestibular complex made of ; def | show 🗑
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| show | simicircular duct
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| hearing : the inner ear- the cochlea houses a membranous labrynth called what | show 🗑
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| hearing : the inner ear- membranous labyrunth- def , what is housed her | show 🗑
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| show | the endolymph with int the semicircular canal to push against the cupula covering the hair cells resulting in bending of the sterocilia and initiation of a nerve impulse
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| show | utricle and saccule
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| show | the 3 semicircular canals
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| show | w/in the cochlea in bother inner ears, they are snail shpaed chambers in the bonesorgan of corti (spiral organ) within the membraneous labyrinth
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| show | tympanic membrane
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| show | we dont;s get vibrations
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| show | larger
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| show | movement by the auditory ossicles and sound waves are amplified
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| show | when the stapes moves w/in the oval window
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| show | basilar membrane
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| hearing: gains cells in teh spiral organs detect the sound wave movement anf convert the stilumlus to what | show 🗑
|
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| show | secrete gladns produce secretions that released into ducts opening onto an epithelial surface (sweatm saliva)
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| show | ductless organs that secrete molecules directly into the blood stream (loacated in highly vascular regions so that products enter the bloodstream immediately)(hormones)
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| show | endocrine
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| show | chemical messengers to influence cell activites elsewhere in teh bod
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|
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| show | oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone
🗑
|
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| show | thyroid stimulating hormone, prolactin, ocytocin, growth hormone,
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|
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| show | thyroid stimulating hormone
🗑
|
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| show | corticosteroids
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| show | parathyroid hormone
🗑
|
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| endocrine: adrenal medulla produces what hormones | show 🗑
|
||||
| endocrine: pancreas produces what hormones | show 🗑
|
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| endocrine: pinealproduces what hormones | show 🗑
|
||||
| endocrine: thymus produces what hormones | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | renin
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|
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| show | atriopeptin
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|
||||
| show | ovaries estrogein,testes testoserone
🗑
|
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