Nerve lesions of the upper limb
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| * * What will injury to the axillary nerve cause? Muscle and sensation? What is a common way of injuring the axillary nerve? | show 🗑
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| Pressure of badly adjusted crutches, fractures, and dislocation of the proximal humerus by a drunkard falling asleep with one arm over the back of the chair can harm what nerve/ | show 🗑
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| What muscles are compromised in a radial nerve palsy? What actions are compromised? | show 🗑
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| show | loss of sensation down posterior surface of the lower part of the arm and down narrow strip of the back of the forearm; sensory loss on th elateral part of the dorsum of the hand and dodrsal surface of the roots of the lateral 3.5 fingers
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| show | Cause injury in the radial nerve; wristdrop same, extension of the elbow may NOT be impaired (damage usually below triceps brachii); loss of sensation on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the hand and dorsal surface of roots of lateral 3.5 fingers
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| What would an injury of the median nerve at the elbow region cause? What could cause it? | show 🗑
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| How would a patient with a median nerve injury at the level present (muscle action)? | show 🗑
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| show | Skin sensation on the lateral half or less of the palm of the hand and the palmar aspect of the lateral three one and a half finers; sensory loss also occurs on the skin of the distal part of the dorsal surfaces of the lateral three and one-half fingers
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| What is the most common site of injury of the median nerve? | show 🗑
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| show | Paralysis of the thenar muscles and the first two lumbricals; wasted thenar eminence; thumb is adducted; inability to oppose thumb; sensory losses would be same as those in elbow lesion
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| What is the cause of carpal tunnel syndrome? | show 🗑
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| show | Burning pain or pins and needles along distribution of the median nerve to the lateral 3 1/2 fingers and weakness of the thenar muscles
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| show | No (area is supplied by the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve, which passes superficially to the flexor retinaculum)
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| show | The ulnar nerve
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| show | Flexor carpi ulnaris, medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus, small muscles of the hand EXCEPT the thenar muscles, and the first 2 lumbrical muscles
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| show | Flattening medial part of the forearm due to wasting of the flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial 1/2 of the flexor digitorum profundus; abduction and adduction of the fingers impossible (interosseous muscles); impossible to adduct thumb (adductor pollicis)
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| What would a person with an ulnar nerve lesion at the elbow level look like? | show 🗑
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| show | Loss of sensation over the anterior and posterior surfaces of the medial third of the hand and medial one and one half fingers
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| show | Clawhand more obvious; marked flexion of the terminal phalanges; small muscles of hand paralyzed and show wasting EXCEPT for muscles of thenar eminence and first 2 lumbricals
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| What would an ulnar nerve injury at the wrist cause in terms of skin sensation? | show 🗑
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