The Anatomy of the Leg and Ankle Region
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| show | Anterior, lateral, and posterior
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| What divides the compartments? | show 🗑
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| show | anterior tibial; anterior
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| A SMALL opening exists in the LOWER part of the interosseus for passage of the ____ branch of the ___ ___ into the ____ compartment | show 🗑
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| In the region of the ankle joint, the deep fascia is thickened to form a series of ____ which serve to keep the long tendons in position and act as modified pulleys | show 🗑
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| show | Superior and inferior extensor retinacula; flexor retinaculum; superior and inferior fibular retinacula
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| What is compartment syndrome? | show 🗑
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| show | Leg, forearm, foot, hand, and thigh
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| What are internal and external factors that could lead to compartment syndrome? | show 🗑
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| * * What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg? | show 🗑
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| * * What provides blood supply to the anterior compartment of the leg? | show 🗑
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| * * What provides innervation to the anterior compartment of the leg? | show 🗑
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| * * What is the general action of the muscles of the anterior compartment? | show 🗑
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| show | Deep fibular nerve; dorsiflexes AND inverts foot
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| show | Deep fibular nerve; dorsiflexes AND extends lateral four toes
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| show | Deep fibular nerve; extends great toe, dorsiflexes foot
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| * * What is the nerve and action of the fibularis tertius? | show 🗑
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| show | Supplies anterior compartment of leg; smaller branch of popliteal artery from lower border of popliteus muscle; passes through superior opening in interosseous membrane; descends accompanied by deep fibular nerve; becomes dorsalis pedis AT ANKLE
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| * * Describe the course of the deep fibular nerve | show 🗑
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| * What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg? | show 🗑
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| show | Branches of the fibular (peroneal) artery
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| show | Superficial fibular nerve
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| show | Eversion (and plantar flexion) of the foot
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| show |
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| show | Anterior, lateral, and posterior
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| What divides the compartments? | show 🗑
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| A LARGE opening exists at the UPPER part of the interosseus membrane to permit the passage of the ___ ___ vessels into the ___ compartment. | show 🗑
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| A SMALL opening exists in the LOWER part of the interosseus for passage of the ____ branch of the ___ ___ into the ____ compartment | show 🗑
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| show | retinacula
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| What are the three sets of retinacula? | show 🗑
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| show | Increased pressure within closed myofascial spaces --> decreased O2 perfusion --> damages cells
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| What are some common sites of compartment syndrome? | show 🗑
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| What are internal and external factors that could lead to compartment syndrome? | show 🗑
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| show | tibialis major, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, and fibularis tertius
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| show | Anterior tibial artery
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| show | Deep fibular nerve
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| * * What is the general action of the muscles of the anterior compartment? | show 🗑
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| * * What is the nerve and action of the tibialis anterior? | show 🗑
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| show | Deep fibular nerve; dorsiflexes AND extends lateral four toes
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| * * What is the nerve and action of the extensor hallucis longus? | show 🗑
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| show | Deep fibular nerve; dorsiflexes AND everts foot (assists the lateral compartment)
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| show | Supplies anterior compartment of leg; smaller branch of popliteal artery from lower border of popliteus muscle; passes through superior opening in interosseous membrane; descends accompanied by deep fibular nerve; becomes dorsalis pedis AT ANKLE
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| * * Describe the course of the deep fibular nerve | show 🗑
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| * * What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg? | show 🗑
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| * * What is the blood supply to the lateral compartment of the leg? | show 🗑
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| show | The superficial fibular nerve
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| * * What is the major action of the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg? | show 🗑
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| show | Superficial fibular nerve; everts and plantar flexes the foot
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| show | Superficial fibular nerve; everts and plantar flexes the foot
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| show | Leaves popliteal fossa by crossing lateral head of the gastronemius muscle; becomes subcutaneous as it winds around NECK OF FIBULA; divides into superficial and deep branches within lateral compartment in substance of the fibularis longus muscle
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| show | Anterior branch goes DEEP into anterior compartment; Superficial branch stays in the lateral compartment
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| show | As it becomes subcutaneous as it winds around neck of the fibula
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| show | Descends in lateral compartment and lies between fibularis longus and brevis muscles, then between fibularis brevis and extensor dgitorum longus-->pierces deep fascia and becomes subcutaneous in distal third leg
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| show | There are no named arteries except for muscular branches of the fibular artery
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| show | Superficial: Gastrocnemius, plantaris, soleus; Deep: Popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longs, and tibialis posterior
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| * What is the nerve and blood supply of the posterior compartment of the leg? | show 🗑
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| What is the group action of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg? | show 🗑
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| show | tibial nerve; plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint and flexes knee joint (acts on 2 joints); NOTE: gastrocnemius bellies plus soleus = triceps surae (main plantar flexor of the foot!)
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| show | tibial nerve; plantar flexes foot. NOTE: gastrocnemius bellies plus soleus = triceps surae (main plantar flexor of the foot!)
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| show | tibial nerve; medial rotation of the tibia if leg is free, lateral rotation of the femur if foot is on ground
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| show | Tibial nerve; flexes toes and plantar flexes foot
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| * * Describe the nerve and action of the flexor hallucis longus | show 🗑
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| * * Describe the nerve and action of the tibialis posterior | show 🗑
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| * Describe the path of the tibial nerve | show 🗑
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| show | Accompanies tibial nerve deep to gastrocnemius and soleus; gives off genicular and sural arteries; terminates by dividing into anterior and posterior tibial arteries at lower border of popliteus muscle
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| show | Runs down with tibial nerve; passes posterior to medial malleolus; divides into medial and lateral plantar arteries that accompany corresponding nerves
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| * * What are the major branches of the posterior tibial artery? | show 🗑
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| show | Descends between tibialis posterior and flexor hallucis longus->main blood supply for flexor hallucis longus and lateral compartment muscles
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| show | Tibialis posterior tendon, flexor digitorum longus tendon, posterior tibial artery, tibial nerve, flexor hallucis longus (Tom Dick ANd Harry)
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| * * * List the structures behind the lateral malleolus DEEP to the fibular retinacula; SUPERFICIAL to the fibular retinacula | show 🗑
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| * What retinacula is found on the anterior aspect of the ankle? | show 🗑
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| * What is deep to the extensor retinacula (medial to lateral)? What is superficial (medial to lateral)? | show 🗑
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Created by:
karkis77
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