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IS-B1-Hisley Anatomy Questions

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
        Help!  

Question
Answer
show Sphenoid bone (greater wing) *  
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2. Which one of the following skull foramina visible in the external skull base viewpoint, is NOT visible in the internal skull base viewpoint?   show
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show B. Norma Basalis *  
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show A. Infraorbital artery *  
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5. Which of the following muscles (not considered muscles of facial expression as described in lecture) is innervated by CN VII?   show
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show E. Trigeminal nerve (CN V – V3) *  
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7. Which one of the following veins of the head is located just behind the ramus of the mandible?   show
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8. Which one of the following arteries gives rise to the middle cerebral artery before joining the Circle of Willis?   show
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show A. Greater petrosal nerve *  
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10. The deep petrosal nerve contains which of the following types of fiber?   show
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show E. Sphenopalatine artery *  
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12. Which of the following nerves synapses in the pterygopalatine ganglion?   show
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show A. Motor to the muscles of facial expression *  
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14. The sella turcica is a sub-component of what skull bone?   show
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15. What muscle of mastication inserts in the pterygoid fossa (located between the lateral and medial pterygoid plates)?   show
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show A. Lingual nerve *  
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17. The sphenopalatine foramen is located where on the pterygopalatine fossa?   show
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show D. CN IX *  
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19. Ipsilateral Bell’s Palsy on the left side would exhibit weakness or paralysis in which one of the following muscles?   show
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20. In an eyeball/pupil in standard position (i.e.: staring straight ahead), what movement of the pupil would be observed if only the superior oblique were contracted?   show
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21. The optic canal is an opening is what bone/sub-component?   show
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22. Increasing accommodation is an intra-ocular function exhibiting which of the following effects?   show
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show C. loss of horizontal eye movement coordination leading to diplopia *  
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show C. There are 5 arches numbered 1,2,3,4,6 *  
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show B. External auditory meatus *  
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show C. Temporal bone (squamous portion) *  
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show B. oxycecephaly *  
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28. During palatogenesis, which of the following developmental structures is key in forming the primary palate?   show
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29. During palatogenesis, which of the following developmental structures is key in forming the median palatine raphe of the hard palate?   show
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show CN V3 - Mandibular division  
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show CN VII - Facial Nerve  
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show CN VI - Abducens Nerve  
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The CNs to the extraocular eyes are somatic nerves only (GSE - general sensory efferent) - true or false?   show
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show False - Superior Orbital Fissure  
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The maxilla is a component of the neurocranium - true or false?   show
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The Frankfort horizontal (aka orbitomeatal)plane runs across what two skull structures?   show
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Give the CN and type: Facial expression   show
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show CNV - V1, V2 and V3 (semilunar ganglion)- Sensory  
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show CN VII - nerve of pterygoid canal CN IX - tympanic nerve Secretomotor  
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Give the CN, division (if applicable) and type: mastication   show
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show CN VII - (geniculate ganglion, intermediate nerve) Sensory  
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show CN VIII - cochlear nerve  
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Give the CN, division (if applicable) and type: Hearing   show
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Give the CN, division (if applicable) and type: Olfaction   show
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show CN II - optic nerve, chiasm, radiation  
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Give the CNs, division (if applicable) and type: Extraocular muscle movement   show
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Give the CNs, division (if applicable) and type: Intraocular muscles   show
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Give the CN, division (if applicable) and type: lacrimation   show
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show CN I - Olfactory Nerve  
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Vision is innervated by this cranial nerve.   show
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show CN III - Oculomotor Nerve  
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The superior oblique muscle of the eye is innervated by this cranial nerve.   show
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show CN V - Trigeminal  
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The motor branch of this nerve sends information to the muscles of mastication, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle.   show
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show CN VI - Abducent  
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The muscles of the face, stapedius, posterior belly of the digastric muscle, stylohyoid, occipitalis and auriculus muscles are innervated by this cranial nerve.   show
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This mixed nerve is responsible for motor information to the submandibular, sublingual and lacrimal glands AND responsible for sensory information from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and the sensory soft palate.   show
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This purely sensory cranial nerve is responsible for balance and hearing.   show
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This mixed nerve is responsible for special sensory (taste on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue), sensory (middle ear, tonsil and pharynx) and motor (stylopharyngeus, parotid gland).   show
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This mixed nerve is responsible for the motor and sensory of the heart, lungs, pharynx, larynx, bronchi, GI tract) and sensory of the external ear.   show
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This cranial nerve is responsible for sensory innervation of the SCM and trapezius   show
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show CN XII - Hypoglossal  
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Which 3 nerves are special sensory only?   show
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show CNs III, IV, VI and XI  
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show CN's V, VII, IX, X and XII  
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show Cerebral hemispheres (cribriform plate)  
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Where does the Optic nerve exit the CNS?   show
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Where does the Oculomotor nerve exit the CNS?   show
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show Midbrain  
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Where does the Trigeminal nerve exit the CNS?   show
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show Pontomedulla junction  
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Where does the Facial nerve exit the CNS?   show
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Where does the Vestibulocochlear nerve exit the CNS?   show
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Where does the Glossopharyngeal nerve exit the CNS?   show
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Where does the Vagus nerve exit the CNS?   show
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show Superior Spinal Cord  
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show Medulla  
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Which CN is a derivative of the 4th pharyngeal arch?   show
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Which CN is a derivative of the 3rd pharyngeal arch?   show
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show Facial  
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Which CN is a derivative of the 1st pharyngeal arch?   show
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show They are all mixed nerves and they are all derivatives of a pharyngeal arch.  
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Parietal and temporal bones are _ while frontal, occipital, sphenoid and ethmoid bones are _.   show
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show Paired, unpaired.  
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The inion skull landmark is visible in the Norma Frontalis - true or false.   show
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Which landmark point represents the highest point in the skull when viewed in Normal lateralis?   show
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The lambdoid suture is a roughly transverse suture located anteriorly to the sagittal suture - true or false?   show
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show Frontal, parietal, temporal, sphenoid  
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The pterion is an external marker for what clinically-important vessel internally?   show
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Which major sutures are visible from the Norma Lateralis Viewpoint?   show
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Which landmark observed in the normal occipitalis marks the intersection of the sagittal and lambdoid sutures?   show
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show False  
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When viewing the skull from the Norma Basalis viewpoint, the mental foramina of the mandible are not visible - true or false?   show
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show nasion is at the bridge of the nose and glabella is directly above it between the left and right supraorbital ridges  
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The greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone form what orbital feature?   show
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show Bregma -> Sagittal -> Coronal -> Lambdoid  
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What is the anterior-posterior sagittal groove on the inside of the calvarium named?   show
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show Layer of cancellous bone between inner and outer tables of compact bone in the calvaria - containing red bone marrow and venous channels connecting emissary veins.  
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What feature of the internal surface of the calvaria are formed by the arachnoid granulations?   show
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show superior sagittal sinus, tentorial notch (left and right anterior edges)  
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show Superior sagittal sinus -> Left Transverse sinus (usually larger) -> Left sigmoid sinus -> left internal jugular vein  
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Describe the difference between an epidural and a subdural hemorrhage.   show
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show Middle meningeal artery  
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show Middle cranial fossa  
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show False - anterior  
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show CN V1, CN III, CN IV and CN VI - also ophthalamic veins.  
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Which bones of the neurocranium make up the middle cranial fossa as seen from the inside.   show
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Which structure exits the neurocranium just posterior to the styloid process and through what structure does it exit?   show
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show anterior (ICA -> MCA -> COW) posterior (Vertebral -> Basilar -> PCA -> COW)  
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show CN V (all 3 branches), CN III, IV and VI  
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Name the cranial nerves that course anteriorly through the cavernous sinus.   show
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the angular artery is a branch of which extracranial artery?   show
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An anastomosis between these two facial arteries provides collateral circulation between the intracranial and extracranial arterial systems.   show
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show Retromandibular vein  
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Which defined segment of the maxillary artery does the sphenopalatine artery branch off of and through what fossa does it course?   show
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Which intracranial artery gives rise to the anterior cerebral artery before it links with the circle of wills?   show
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what is an embolus and how might it cause a cerebral infarction?   show
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show Anterior, posterior 2 sphenoidal and 2 mastoidal  
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show Le Fort III Fracture  
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show False  
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What three branches do CN V - ophthalmic division divide into upon entering the orbit?   show
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show false - mandibular division  
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show False  
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what branch of CN V-V3 splits around the middle meningeal artery?   show
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show foramen spinosum  
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the mental nerve is a branch of what division of CN V?   show
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show Through the mandibular notch to the mandibular division root emerging from foramen ovale  
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show CN V3 - mandibular branch  
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which secretomotor branch of CN VII converges with the lingual nerve in the deep infratemporal fossa?   show
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The facial nerve gives rise to the _ nerve which merges with the chorda tympani and is involved in special sensory of taste.   show
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show CN V2 - maxillary division  
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non-parasympathetic fibers synapse in the pterygopalatine ganglion - true or false?   show
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show CN V3 - mandibular  
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show internal auditory meatus -> facial canal -> stylomastoid foramen -> parotid plexus (in gland) -> terminal branches  
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show greater petrosal nerve (CN VII) -> pterygoid canal -> pterygopalatine ganglion -> maxillary nerve -> zygomatic nerve -> lacrimal nerve -> gland  
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show Intermediate Nerve -> Facial Canal -> Pteryotympanic Fissure (Chorda Tympani) -> Lingual Nerve -> Submandibular Ganglion -> Submandibular and Lingual Salivary Glands  
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after entering the internal acoustic meatus, name the 3 branches and their modalities that CN VII splits into inside the petrous portion of the temporal bone.   show
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what sensory modalities do the cell bodies contained in CN VII's geniculate ganglion represent?   show
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show True  
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the roots of CN VII that exit the superolateral position of the medulla include what two nerves?   show
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the root of CN V exits the brainstem at the interface between the midbrain and the pons - true or false?   show
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show False - all are preganglionic in the greater petrosal nerve  
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show Petrous portion of the temporal bone  
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the medial pterygoid plate is a medial boundary of the infratemporal fossa - true or false?   show
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the temporal fossa is continuous with the infratemporal fossa true or false?   show
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show The Zygomatic process of the temporal bone. The infratemporal fossa.  
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show True  
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The masseter muscle fibers course superiorly and anteriorly to insert on the zygomatic arch of the temporal bone and zygomatic bone - true or false?   show
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show True  
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show True  
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The sella turcica is a subcomponent of what part of the sphenoid bone?   show
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What component of what cranial nerve exits the temporal bone via the stylomastoid foramen?   show
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the mandibular fossa is a sub-component of the petrous part of the temporal bone - true or false?   show
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show False - it's located laterally  
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show True  
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the masseter muscle and the medial pterygoid muscles acting in concert are commonly referred to as the "Mandibular sling" - true or false?   show
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the mandibular division of CN V provides "non-masticatory" motor innervation to what other muscles?   show
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What is the pneumonic for the non-masticatory muscles that CN V3 innervate?   show
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show Buccal nerve  
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show maxillary artery  
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show medial pterygoid muscle  
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show act directly on the TMJ  
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what muscle of mastication inserts on the capsule of the TMJ and the coronoid process of the mandible?   show
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show articular disc of TMJ  
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show coronoid process of ramus of the mandible  
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which one of the muscles of mastication is the only muscle that opens the jaw?   show
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what happens to the inferior articular cavity of the TMJ when the mouth is open wide   show
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regarding the distribution of CN VII motor fibers to the muscles of facial expression, the orbicularis oculi is innervated by which two branches?   show
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show changes the shape of an orifice  
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the platysma is a muscle of facial expression - true or false?   show
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show False - sneer / smile  
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the depressor anguli oris is located deep to the depressor labii inferioris - true or false?   show
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show Full or partial unilateral paralysis  
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a CN VII motor LMN lesion is more likely to cause paralysis on the lower muscles of expression than the upper muscles of facial expression - true or false?   show
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Performing a nerve block here would allow painless treatemnt of a skin wound on the side of the jaw   show
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show False - anastomoses with both infraorbital artery (maxillary / eca) and orbital and nasal branches (opthalmic artery / ica).  
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show Auriculotemporal nerve - CN V3  
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the dermatome-like skin territories of cutaneous facial sensation may be divided between the 3 CN V divisions by what two facial landmarks?   show
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what cutaneous nerves from CN V1, V2 and V3, the cervical plexus and sub-occipital plexus converge in the scalp region?   show
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show ciliary ganglion (orbit), pteygopalatine ganglion (pterygopalatine fossa), submandibular ganglion (body of mandible), otic ganglion (behind ramus of mandible)  
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show superior cervical ganglion -> carotid plexus on ICA -> facial and lingual arteries -> glands  
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what is the source and pathway of post-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the submandibular and lingual glands   show
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show process of pre to post ganglionic CN IX secretomotor fibers innervating the parotid gland  
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anatomically, the pterygopalatine ganglion in the same named fossa is directly posterior to each orbit - true or false?   show
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show True  
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show CN VII -> greater petrosal nerve -> pterygoid canal in sphenoid bone -> pterygopalatine ganglion  
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show nerve of the pterygoid canal  
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the sphenopalatine foramen is located on the medial wall of the pterygopalatine fossa - true or false?   show
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if the pterygopalatine fossa can be thought of as a funnel-shaped volume with the spout pointing downward to the palate, what two canals open inferiorly?   show
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the infraorbital artery is a branch of the maxillary artery - true or false?   show
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show No  
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What is the course taken to sublingual salivary glands by secretomotor fibers from the intermediate nerve including synapses in ganglion?   show
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what is the function and course of CN VII secretomotor fibers going to the nasal cavity?   show
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what is the function and course of CN VII secretomotor fibers going to the lacrimal gland?   show
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how do tears wiped inferomedially across the face of the conjunctival sac to the lacrimal apparatus reach the inferior nasal cavity?   show
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the cell bodies for the taste sensory neurons for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue are located where?   show
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show inferior ganglia of CN IX  
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which nerve(s) carry (ies) GSA cutaneous information back from all "thirds" of the tongue?   show
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in the case of a mandibular anterior dislocation, which features of the temporal bone does the condylar process articulating across the inferior articular cavity of the TMJ pass abnormally anterior to?   show
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what is the difference between the orbital axis and the visual axis?   show
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show Accommodation, Miosis (pupillary constriction) and convergence of eyes  
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what are the linear and rotational movements of the IO, LR, SO, SR, MR and IR?   show
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what two extraocular muscles are required to elevate the pupil?   show
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show posteriorly. posterior attachments add elevation and depression functions to their other movements  
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show LR and MR - yes they are synergistic  
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show 45 degrees  
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show 90 degrees  
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are the optical axes constantly parallel or does the angle between them vary depending on the distance to the point of focal interest?   show
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the floor of the orbit is mostly comprised of what bone?   show
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show lesser wing of sphenoid  
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show medial  
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CN V opthalmic division cutaneous nerves exit the orbit and enter the scalp region through what foramen in the frontal bone?   show
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show False - it originates just above it!  
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upon entering the orbit through the optic canal, the ophthalmic artery divides directly into what branches?   show
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what target region/organ do the long posterior ciliary arteries supply?   show
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show inferior ophthalmic vein  
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show false  
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the inferior oblique muscle originates at the common tendinous ring - true or false?   show
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what named structures do tears pass through to go from lacrimal caruncle to the nasal floor?   show
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what CN involving the extraocular muscles has a superior and inferior branch?   show
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show Superior -> SR, LPS Inferior -> MR, IR, IO  
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the sensory root of the ciliary ganglion comes off which nerve?   show
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show CN III inferior division  
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what are the only two extraocular muscles whos contractions do not result in some degree of intrusion or extorsion of the pupil / eyeball?   show
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if the eyes are held adducted by a patient, which extraocular muscle contraction results in depression of the pupil/eyeball?   show
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the ciliary ganglion directly gives off what structures to the posterior eyeball?   show
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show Levator Palpebrae Superioris  
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the dilator pupillae muscles are intraocular muscles arranged radially around the pupillary opening that cause in pupillary dilation (mydriasis) via parasympathetic innervation - true or false?   show
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both the dilator pupillae and the sphincter pupillae are components of what intraocular structure?   show
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show True  
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when lens refocusing for near vision is required, what intraocular structure contracts to decrease lens radial tension and thus cause a "balling up" of the lens? What CN is responsible for this (division).   show
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which fibers synapse in the ciliary ganglion?   show
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what section of the brainstem does CN III originate in?   show
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show oculomotor nucleus and Edinger-Westphal nucleus  
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does CN III have autonomic components? If so, what are they, where do they synapse and what targets affected?   show
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show medial surface  
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show posterior and anterior ethmoid nerves  
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show edinger-westphal nucleus  
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the CN III when entering the orbit in the superior orbital fissure passes through the common tendinous ring - true or false?   show
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of all the CNs passing anteriorly through the cavernous sinus - which is most superior   show
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CN IV exits the midbrain of the brainstem from the posterior surface and is unique in that behavior - true or false?   show
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which cranial nerve upon exiting the brainstem, must course superiorly and over the petrous portion of the temporal bone to enter the middle cranial fossa?   show
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which autonomic nerve contributes sympathetic fibers to the greater petrosal nerve to form the nerve of the pterygoid canal   show
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the course of parasymp innervation in support of lacrimation includes a shortcut using the zyogmatic nerve CN V2 - true or false?   show
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show false - parotid gland has post ganglionic fibers from the otic ganglion rather than pterygopalatine ganglion  
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show True  
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what are the 3 incoming nerve roots of the ciliary ganglion in terms of their modalities?   show
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the long ciliary nerve fibers pass through the ciliary ganglion - true or false?   show
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show true  
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the short ciliary nerves carry post-synaptic parasymp info from ciliary ganglia to sphincter pupillae and ciliary body - true or false?   show
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show true  
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how does contraction of the ciliary body affect the geometry of the lens?   show
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show miosis - pupillary constriction (parasymp - CN III) mydriasis - pupillary dilation (symp - carotid plexus)  
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what is accommodation?   show
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show net extorsion of the eye - double vision (diplopia)  
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paralysis of the LR muscle causes what main symptom?   show
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LMN disease in CN VI can cause what symptom due to an unopposed medial rectus?   show
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what signs does Horner's syndrome cause?   show
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why is pharyngeal arch development important in head and neck development?   show
🗑
show Yes  
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neural crest cells contribute in part to cranial and sensory ganglia and nerves - true or false?   show
🗑
show true  
🗑
show true  
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what are pharyngeal membranes and which of them develop into significant adult structures?   show
🗑
show arches = 5, pouches, grooves and membranes = 4  
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show true  
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show maxillary and mandibular prominences  
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show mandible  
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what pharyngeal apparatus structure gives rise to the external auditory meatus and tympanic cavity?   show
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show False - malleus and incus only!  
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development of the hyoid bone results from the combined development of which two arch cartilages?   show
🗑
the muscles of facial expression develop from what pharyngeal arch? are they derived from mesodermal or neural crest mesenchyme?   show
🗑
what pharyngeal arch is CN IX associated with?   show
🗑
show Ophthalmic division (weird!)  
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embryonic blood circulation in the pharyngeal apparatus flows from the dorsal aorta, through the aortic arches and through the truncus arteriosis - true or false?   show
🗑
show palatine tonsil  
🗑
what two pharyngeal pouches give rise to the parathyroid glands?   show
🗑
show 1  
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all skull bones are derived directly from the pharyngeal apparatus - true or false?   show
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show false - rather by intramembranous ossification  
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show squamous portion of the temporal bone  
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which of the fontanelles is the largest? relative to the sutures, where is it?   show
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show endochondral - cartilaginous intramembranous - membranous  
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what are the basic sequence of steps in endochondral ossification as occurs in skull development?   show
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show mesenchyme in membranous neurocranium -> fibrous membrane forms -> intramembranous ossification -> thinner bony plates  
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show endochondral  
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show true  
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show false - parietal bone is part of developing membranous neurocranium  
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show false - membranous neurocranium  
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show true  
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show true  
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what is the most severe form of craniosynostosis   show
🗑
show primary and secondary palate  
🗑
show primary palate  
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show incisor teeth  
🗑
show this is the secondary palate (posterior to the incisive fossa) formed from bone from the developing maxillary and palatine bones  
🗑
what is the intermaxillary segment and what does it form?   show
🗑
show they grow towards the median plane of the hard palate forming the median palatine raphe  
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show 1) failure of the mesenchymal mass in the maxillary prominences on the affected side to meet and unite with the merged medial nasal prominences. 2) epithelium in affected labial groove breaks down and forms the complete discontinuity.  
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