Directional terms, planes, and bone structures
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| Frontal/Coronal | Separates chest and back
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| Sagittal | Separates left and right
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| Midsagittal | Separates left and right symmetrically
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| Parasagittal | Separates left and right asymmetrically
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| Transverse | Separates top and bottom
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| Oblique | Separates along undefined axis
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| Proximal | Closer to the torso
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| Midline | Divides humans symmetrically
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| Medial | Closer to the midline
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| Lateral | Closer to the surface
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| Superior | Higher
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| Inferior | Lower
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| Anterior | Front
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| Posterior | Back
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| Dorsal | Back
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| Ventral | Belly
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| Cranial | Towards head end
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| Caudal | Towards foot end
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| Ipsilateral | Same side
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| Contralateral | Opposite side
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| Superficial | Near the surface
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| Deep | Far from the surface
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| Flat bone examples | Cranium, pelvis, sternum, ribs, scapula
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| Sesamoid bone examples | Patella (kneecap)
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| Irregular bone examples | Vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx
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| Foramen | Opening
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| Sulcus | Superficial groove
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| Fissure | Deep groove
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| Fossa | Hollow area or depression
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| Meatus | Canal
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| Process | Tissue projection or outgrowth
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| Condyle | Round, bulbous end of a bone
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| Facet | Smooth surface
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| Head | Bigger bulb on the end of a long bone
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| Crest | Ridge
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| Epicondyle | Round bulbous structure on distal end of bone
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| Line | I hope you knew this one
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| Spinous process | Backward and down facing outgrowths on vertebrae
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| Trochanter | Bone outgrowth on femur opposite to head
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| Tubercle | Small wart or outgrowth on bone generally for muscle insertion
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| Tuberosity | Projection or protuberance, especially for muscle attachment on a bone
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| Origin | Relative location; for muscles, the point where support is derived
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| Insertion | The end of a muscle used for manipulation
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