Nasal, palate, oral
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| show | Vaulted, mostly filled with the tongue when its at rest. Formed by the palatine processs of the maxillary bone and the horizontal process of the palatine bone. Anterior 2/3 of palate
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| show | Moveable, posterior 1/3 of the palate. connected to the hard palate by the palatine aponeurosis. Posterior aspect is muscular and includes the unvula. Connected to the tongue via palatoglossus (CN X). Connected to pharynx via palatopharyngeus (CN X)
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| Roll of soft palate in swallowing | show 🗑
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| show | Branch off the maxillary A->Descending palatine A. Passes through the greater palatine foramen, and runs anteromedially. It then ascends to supply the nose and contributes to Kiesselbach's plexus
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| show | The lesser Palatine Artery (off the descending palatine-->Maxillary A) anastomoses with the Ascending palatine A (from the facial A).
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| Greater Palatine N | show 🗑
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| show | O:Scaphoid fossa of medeial pterygoid plate, Eustacian tube cartilage.
I:Palatine Aponeurosis.
I:CN V3 and otic ganglia.
A:Tenses the soft palate, opens the eustacian tubes during yawning and swallowing.
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| show | O:Cartilage of the eustacian tube, petrous part of temporal bone.
I:Palatine aponeurosis.
I:CN X.
A:Elevates soft palate during swallowing and yawning.
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| Intrensic muscles of the tongue | show 🗑
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| show | 2nd anterior branch of ECA (just inferior to Facial A.). Passes deep to hyoglossus muscle and divides into dorsal and deep lingual arteries to supply the tongue
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| Genioglossus M | show 🗑
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| show | O:Body/greater horn of hyoid bone.
I:Inferoir aspect of lateral tongue.
I:CN XII.
A:Depresses tongue, pulling sides inferiorly.
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| Styloglossus M | show 🗑
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| Submandibular duct | show 🗑
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| Sublingual glands | show 🗑
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| show | the opeing into the nose where the skin extends into. Location of stiff hairs which filter out dust particles.
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| show | Sup & mid are medial processes of the ethmoid bone. Inf is the largest with the most vasculature and its own bone. They curve inferomedially, hanging form the lateral walls. Warm incoming air by way of heavey blood flow
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| Nasal Septum | show 🗑
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| show | Lying superoposterior to superior concha, recieves the opening of the sphenoid sinus.
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| Sphenoid sinus | show 🗑
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| Superior nasal meatus | show 🗑
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| Middle nasal meatus | show 🗑
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| Semilunar Hiatus | show 🗑
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| show | Rounded elevation located superior to the hiatus. Consists of all the ethmoidal air cells/ sinuses
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| show | horizontal passage inferolateral to the inferior nasal concha. Recieves the Nasolacrimal duct.
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| Nasolacrimal duct | show 🗑
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| Frontal Sinus | show 🗑
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| show | small invaginations of the mucous membrane of the middle and superior nasal meatus into the ethmoid bone b/w the nasal cavity and the orbit.
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| show | Largest of the paranasal sinuses. occupy the body of the maxilla, communicate with the middle nasal meatus via the semilunar hiatus. It goes from the orbit to the alveolar part of the maxilla. Neurovascular comes from superior alveolar A and N
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| show | Largely revolves around the hiatus semilunaris and pathogens can enter and cause infection or blockage leading to pain.
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| Drainage of maxillary air sinus | show 🗑
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