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Anatomy 23.1-23.4

Female Reproductive System

TermDefinition
What are the female gonads called? Ovaries
What is Oogenesis? Describe in 1-2 sentences. Oogenesis is the process to create ovum
When does Oogenesis start during the lifespan of a female human? How do Oognonia give rise to Primary Oocytes? Oogenesis starts before female is even born. Oognonia does mass mitosis to create millions of primary oocytes
After birth, when does meiosis resume? When does meiosis officially finish? Meiosis resumes at puberty and meiosis II resumes immediately after sperm penetrates it.
How many ova are made during Oogenesis? How is a mature ovum physically different than a spermatid (product of spermatogenesis before spermiogenesis)? What are polar bodies? One ovum is made during oogenesis - different than spermatogenesis instead of creating four haploid cells oogenesis creates one large ovum and lots of polar bodies.
What is ovulation? Typically, how long is an ovarian cycle? When does the ovarian cycle start occurring in the lifespan of a female human? Ovulation is the release of a secondary oocyte into the female reproductive system. The ovarian cycle is 28 days and it starts occurring at puberty
What type of ovarian follicles are primary oocytes held in before puberty? Primordial Follicles hold primary oocytes before puberty
Describe the stages of follicular development . What are the physical changes in the follicles if it morphs into new follicular stages? How long does it take for a primordial follicle to become a tertiary follicle? 1. Primordial Follicle 2. Primary Follicle 3. Secondary Follicle a. Takes two months 4. Tertiary Follicle a. First seven days of follicular phase (first seven) only one follicular follicle is left
What is Atresia? Atresia cells are picked to collapse and decay
What hormones stimulate the growth and development of follicles? Where does this hormone come from? Estrogen. The hypothalamus secretes GnRH and then the pituitary gland secretes luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone
How many tertiary follicles will ovulate each ovarian cycle? One
What does the leftover follicular tissue after ovulation change into? What is its primary function for the rest of the ovarian cycle? Changes into corpus luteum and secretes hormones
What determines when a corpus luteum becomes a corpus albicans? After 10-14 days corpus luteum becomes a corpus albicans. Signals end of the ovarian cycle.
What is the function of the uterus? What are the three openings to the uterus? What passes through each of those openings? Womb, the baby develops, the fetus grows. Three openings of the uterus - Isthmus of the uterine tube o Lead egg to uterus - Cervix o Period, Sperm Baby
What structure connects the ovaries to the uterus? What are the fimbriae of the uterine tube, and what do they do? Fimbriae connects the ovary to the uterus. - Physically collect egg and lead into the fallopian tube
What is the primary function of the two inner layers of the uterus? Endometrium - Egg anchors itself to endometrium Myometrium - Smooth Muscle - Contract to push baby out of the vagina
Describe the phases of the menstrual cycle. Menstrual Phase: Endometrium comes off the uterus Proliferative Phase: Build up endometrial Secretory Phase: Develop endometrial glands / blood vessels
What hormone (or lack of hormone) triggers menses? What hormone stimulates the proliferative phase? What hormone stimulates the secretory phase? Menstrual Phase: DROP in progesterone Proliferative Phase: RISING of Estrogen Secretory Phase: RISING of progesterone
How many external orifices does the female reproductive system have, and what are they? What structures cover these orifices? 2 orifices. Urethral Orifice and Vaginal Orifice. - Labia minor and Labia Major cover
What is the function of vestibular glands? - Secrete lubrication
Connect? o Alveoli o Lactiferous ducts o Lobes o Suspensory ligaments o Lactiferous sinus o Nipple Lobe is made up of glandular alveoli. Connecting lobes are is suspensory ligament. Laciferous ducts collect milk from lobe to nipple. Lactiferous sinuses can store milk temporarily.
Created by: handcuff
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