Chp 6/axial skeleton;martini
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| What are the 2 divisions of the skeletal system? | show 🗑
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| show | Axial skeleton
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| The joints of the _________ skeletal system permit limited movement but are strong and reinforced with ligaments | show 🗑
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| show | 1. adjust position of head,neck,trunk 2. perform respiratory movements 3. stabilize appendicular system (limbs)
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| show | vertebrae,sternum,ribs
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| Name the 6 cranial bones that enclose the cranial cavity | show 🗑
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| show | inner surface
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| What is the attached to the outer surface of the cranium? | show 🗑
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| Name 7 superficial facial bones | show 🗑
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| What is the Fx of the facial bones? | show 🗑
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| show | connects cranial cavity with spinal cavity enclosed by vertebral column
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| Where does the skull connect to the first C1 (cervical vertebrae of the neck)? | show 🗑
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| What is the purpose of the superior and inferior nuchal lines? | show 🗑
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| Which canals are above the occipital condyle? | show 🗑
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| show | Jugular foramen;internal jugular vein drains venous blood from the brain
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| show | muscles that move the eyes,jaws& head
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| Name 7 superficial facial bones | show 🗑
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| show | protect and support entrance to digestive & respiratory tract
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| What is the large,cricular opening on the occipital bone for? | show 🗑
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| show | occipital condyles
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| What is the purpose of the superior and inferior nuchal lines? | show 🗑
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| show | hypoglossal canals;hypoglossal nerves control tongue muscles
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| show | Jugular foramen;internal jugular vein drains venous blood from the brain
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| Which bone forms the major part of the Calvaria? | show 🗑
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| show | Squamos,Tympanic,petrous
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| show | entrance to external acoustic meatus (auditory canal)
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| show | petrous part;most massive and hardest
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| show | lateral side of temporal lobe,below the external acoustic meatus
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| show | styloid
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| show | stylomastoid
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| show | mandibular fossa and articular tubercle
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| show | temporal bone area;anterior to the jugular foramen
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| show | Sphenoid;Batman shape
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| What is the Fx of the Sphenoid bone? | show 🗑
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| show | Pituitary
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| show | sella turcica "Turkish saddle"
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| Where do the optic nerves carrying visual info travel through? | show 🗑
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| _______ sinus is located on the anterior part;eyes of the bat | show 🗑
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| show | vertical projections between the lesser and greater wing and have muscles that move lower jaw and soft palate
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| What 4 structures does the Ethmoid bone partially forms? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. perpendicular plate 2. cribiform plate 3. lateral masses
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| What ridge separatres the right and left side of cribiform plate? | show 🗑
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| show | anterior side of sphenoid,below the lesser wing,next to sphenoidal sinus (eyes)
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| show | optic canal on superior surface on top of sella turcica
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| show | cribiform foramina on the cribiform plate
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| show | Falx Cerebri
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| show | superior and middle nasal conchae
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| What is the FX of the thin scrolls of bone or conchae? | show 🗑
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| show | perpendicular plate,vomer, & hyaline cartilage
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| Where else are olfactory receptors found in the ethmoid bones? | show 🗑
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| show | Anterior (mesencephalon)
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| What bones make up the middle cranial fossa? | show 🗑
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| The inferior posterior cranial fossa is formed by what bones? | show 🗑
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| What are the largest facial bones? | show 🗑
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| The maxillae articulates with all other facial bones, except _______ | show 🗑
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| show | maxillae
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| What are the largest sinuses in the skull? | show 🗑
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| show | lighten the portion of the maxillae abovce teethe & produce mucous secretions to flush the inferior nasal cavity
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| What process forms the hard,bony roof of the mouth? | show 🗑
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| show | Nasal CHOP = Nasal crest;Conchal crest;Horizontal plate;orbital process;perpendicular plate
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| Horizontal plate articulates with ____ to back portion of hard palate | show 🗑
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| show | MESI : maxillae,ethmoid,sphenoid,inferior nasal concha
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| show | Orbital Process
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| show | Frontonasal suture
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| show | yes;scroll like pair of bones resemble the concahe in the Ethmoid also
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| What forms the Zygomatic arch? | show 🗑
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| What are the smallest bones of the skull (facial and cranial bones) | show 🗑
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| show | FEM: frontal,ethmoid,maxilla
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| show | lacrimal groove or lacrimal sulcus
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| What makes up the nasal septum? | show 🗑
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| The lower jaw (mandible) can be sub divided into: | show 🗑
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| show | mandibular body
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| show | Head
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| The mandibular head articulates with the mandibular fossae of the ______ | show 🗑
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| What is the disadvantage of TMJ mobility to chew or talk? | show 🗑
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| The ______ process of the mandible has a muscle important for closing the mouth | show 🗑
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| What type of nerves pass through the mental foramina? (mentalis = chin) | show 🗑
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| show | mandibular
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| The ______ process includes the alveoli and roots of the teethe | show 🗑
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| show | mandibular canal; (mylohyoid line<mandibular foramen<mandibular canal)
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| What 7 bones make up the orbital complex (bones around eyes) | show 🗑
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| What does the Nasal complex include,besdies the bones & cartilage of nasal cavity? | show 🗑
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| show | Frontal,Sphenoid,Ethmoid
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| show | Maxillae,lacrimal,ethmoid,inferior nasal conchae
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| show | maxillae & nasal bones
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| What 4 bones contains paranasal sinuses (air filled chambers) | show 🗑
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| show | lighten skull bones,produce mucus & resonate sound
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| show | stylohyoid ligament
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| show | Hyoid bone; this allows bone to become mobile since only ligaments & muscles are the only connections to other bones
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| Name the 3 parts of the Hyoid bone | show 🗑
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| show | greater horns
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| show | craniostenosis
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| show | saggital
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| show | coronal
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| show | yes
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| What is the name of the fibrous C.T. that connect cranial bones of infants? | show 🗑
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| Are fontanels flexible and able to be distorted without damage? | show 🗑
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| Name the 4 fontanel regions | show 🗑
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| The ______ fontanel is beween the squamous suture & coronal suture | show 🗑
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| The ______ fontanel is between the squamous suture & lambdoid suture | show 🗑
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| show | Anterior
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| The ______ fontanel lies between the lambdoid & sagittal | show 🗑
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| How does the skull of infants and adults differ? | show 🗑
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| At what age does the most sig growth of the skull stop? | show 🗑
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| The cranium of a young child is ____ than an adult | show 🗑
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| show | Axial
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| What is the FX of the vertebral column? | show 🗑
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| The first _____ vertebra form a pair of joints with the occipital condoyle | show 🗑
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| The _____ vertebra articulate with one or more pair of ribs | show 🗑
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| show | 25 years old
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| show | Cervical,Thoracic,Lumbar,Sacral curves
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| The thoracic & sacral curves are ______ curves because they appear late in fetal development | show 🗑
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| show | Newborn = C shaped adult= reverse S shaped
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| show | only primary curves (thoracic & sacral) present;primary accomodations
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| When do the secondary (cervical & lumbar) curves develop in the infant? | show 🗑
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| show | help shift the trunk weight over the legs
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| show | 10 years old
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| show | thick,spherical to oval body with vertebral arch;vertebral body= centrum
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| show | superior & inferior articular processes project from the vertebral arch
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| What forms the lateral and posterior margins of the vertebral foramen that surrounds part of spinal cord? | show 🗑
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| show | floor= posterior surface of body wall= pedicles roof = laminae
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| Which processes on the vertebra can be seen and felt through the skin of the back? | show 🗑
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| _____ Processes project laterally on both sides of laminae;sites of muscle attachment & articulates with ribs | show 🗑
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| The Superior articular process projects _____ & the inferior articular process projects ____ | show 🗑
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| show | vertebral arches together form the vertebral canal
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| What separates the vertebral bodies sitting on top of each other? | show 🗑
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| What permits passage of nerves running to and from spinal cord? | show 🗑
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| show | cervical vertebra
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| At which level on the vertebral column does the spinal cord still have most of the nerves that connect to the brain? | show 🗑
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| show | decreases
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| Why are the cervical veterbrae small and light? | show 🗑
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| show | caudally (down towards the feet)
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| What is a notched spinous process of the cervical vertebra | show 🗑
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| show | transverse foramina
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| show | C1 (atlas), C2 (axis), C7
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| Which cervical vertebrae articulates with the occipital condyle and holds the head up? | show 🗑
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| show | permits nodding yes but prevents twisting
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| show | 1)no body 2)semicircular anterior/posterior arches with ant/post tubercles(small rounded projections) 3)oval superior articular facets/ round inferior articular facets
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| show | shake your head, no; rotation
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| show | Dens (toothe)
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| Is there an invertebral disc between C1 and C2? | show 🗑
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| show | transverse
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| In a child,why can impacts or severe shaking cause dislocation of the dens/damage to spinal cord? | show 🗑
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| show | Prominens
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| Which vertebra prominens ligament acts like a string on a bow to keep the cervical curvature when head is upright | show 🗑
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| Which vertebrae has a heart shaped + is more massive than the cervical vert? | show 🗑
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| show | smaller
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| Since most of the weight is carried by the last thoracic vertebraes and the lumbar vertebrae,compression FX are common where? | show 🗑
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| show | lumbar
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| Each _____ vertebrae articulates with ribs along the dorsolateral surfaces of its body | show 🗑
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| which Thoracic vertebrae have superior and inferior costal facets since they connect with 2 pairs of ribs? | show 🗑
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| Vertebrae ___ and ___ only have a single costal facet one ach side. | show 🗑
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| show | T1 to T10
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| show | costal and tranverse
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| show | limits the mobility of thoracic vertebrae
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| Lumbar vertebrae body is ______and the superior/inferior surfaces are ____. | show 🗑
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| show | no
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| What are other differences in the parts of the lumbar vertebra? | show 🗑
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| show | herniated disc = tear or rupture in the connective tissue of invertebral discs
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| When do the 5 sacral parts completely fuse together? | show 🗑
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