Spinal Cord_Chp 13
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| show | Connects peripheral nerves and brain ; Superhighway of never tracts conducts sensory nerve impulses to brain and motor nerve impulses from brain to effectors;protected by vertebral column and meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, and vertebral ligaments
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| Meninges | show 🗑
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| Vertebra/vertebral canal | show 🗑
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| show | Tube of dense irrecgular connective tissue forming a tough outer coverings; anchored to spinal cord at intervals by "denticulate ligaments"; keeps spinal cord in position during lateral movements
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| show | Middle "spider-web" layer, of thin collagen and elastic fibers; separated from dura mater by "Subdural Space"; contains interstitial fluid
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| show | Innermost layer; adheres directly to spinal cord & brain; Many blood vessesl that supply oxygen and nutrients to the spinal cord; separated from arachnoid mater by subarachnoid space; contains cerebrospinal fluid (site of spinal tap from L3-L5)
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| Spaces | show 🗑
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| show | lies b/w the wall of the vertebral canal and the dura mater; contains fat and connective tissue to protect the spinal cord
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| show | Removal of cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid space b/w L3 and L5
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| Superior End (cervical spinal cord) | show 🗑
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| Superior End (lumbar spinal cord) | show 🗑
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| Inferior End (spinal cord) | show 🗑
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| Conus medullaris | show 🗑
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| Filum terminale | show 🗑
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| show | "horse's tail"; roots of lowest spinal nerves
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| Internal Anatomy of spinal cord | show 🗑
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| show | shaped like letter H; contains neuron cell bodies, neuroglia, and unmyelinated axons and dendrites; intergrates/summates excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials
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| show | contains central canal which extends length of spina cord; continus with 4th ventricle of brain
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| White commissure | show 🗑
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| show | Consists of myelinated and unmyelinated axons of sensory, motor, and inter-neurons that make up nerve tracts; nerve tracts are bundled into columns
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| Ascending (SENSORY)tracts | show 🗑
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| show | conduct nerve impulses down toward effectors
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| show | begins in the spinal ford and ends in the thalamus of the brain
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| Corticospinal tract | show 🗑
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| show | 31 pairs, exits spinal cord via the intervertebral foramina; connected to the spinal cord via a dorsal/posterior and ventral/anterior root
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| Posterior/dorsal root | show 🗑
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| Ganglion | show 🗑
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| Anterior/ventral root | show 🗑
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| show | 8 pairs (C1-C8)
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| Thoracic Nerves | show 🗑
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| show | 5 pairs (L1-L5)
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| show | 5 pairs (S1-S5)
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| Coccygeal Nerve | show 🗑
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| Nerve Plexus | show 🗑
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| show | supplies skin and muscles of head, neck, superior portion of shoulders and chest, and diaphragm; Phernic nerve; damage to cord above C3 causes respiratory arrest
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| Phrenic Nerve (C3-C5) | show 🗑
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| show | Supplies shoulder & upper limb ; injuries affect the sensations and movements of the upper limbs
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| show | deltoid & teres major ; part of brachical plexus
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| show | forearm flexors; part of brachical plexus
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| show | shoulder and forearm extensors; part of brachical plexus
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| show | flexors of wrist & hand; part of brachical plexus
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| show | supplies abdominal wall, external genitals & anterior/medial thigh; injury to femoral nerve causes inability to extend leg & loss of sensation in thigh; injury to obturator nerve causes paralysis of thigh adductors
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| Sacral plexus | show 🗑
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| show | supplies posterior thigh and everything below kness; cosists of common fibular and tibial nerve; part of sacral plexus
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| show | at the knee nerve splits into the tibial nerve and behind knee commom fibular nerve; injury of common fibular nerve is foot drop and numbness; injury in tibial nerve is the loss of function on anterior leg and foot
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| show | specific, predictable area of skin supplied by one spinal nerve; possible to locate damaged regions of spinal cord
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| Spinal Reflexes | show 🗑
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| show | simplest of nerve implulse patheays, containing only a few neurons; a receptor, a sensory neuron, and integration center, a motor neuron and an effector
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| show | contraction of a skeletal muscle in response to stretching of the muscle, preventing overstrectching and heling maintain muscle tone
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| stretch reflex process | show 🗑
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