The Meninges and Dural Venous sinuses
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| What are the three tissue layers covering the brain (deep to superficial)? | show 🗑
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| show | The endosteal layer (close to bone) and the meningeal layer (dura mater proper)
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| show | Foramen magnum; skull
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| show | Dense, strong, fibrous layer covering the brain
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| show | The dura mater of the spinal cord
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| show | (4): falx cerebri; tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebelli, and the diaphragma sellae
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| show | falx cerebri
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| What are the attachments of the falx cerebri? | show 🗑
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| Crescent shaped fold which separates the occipital lobes of the brain from the cerebellum | show 🗑
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| show | tentorial notch; allows for passage of the midbrain
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| What are the attachments of the tentorium cerebelli? | show 🗑
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| What is attached to the superior surface of the tentorium cerebelli? | show 🗑
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| show | Falx cerebelli
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| show | The cerebellar hemispheres
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| Small circular fold of dura mater that forms the roof of the sella turcica | show 🗑
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| What passes through the small opening in the center of the diaphragma sellae? | show 🗑
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| show | Endothelium lined spaces between periosteal and meningeal layers of the dura mater; all blood from the brain eventually drain through them to the internal jugular veins
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| * What areas are drained by the dural venous sinuses? | show 🗑
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| show | Attached to the upper border of the falx cerebri; begins anteriorly at foramen cecum and ends at the CONFLUENS OF THE SINUSES near the the internal occipital protuberance
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| show | superior sagital, straight, occipital, and transverse sinuses
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| show | "Lakes of blood" that communicate with superior sagital sinus
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| * What are arachnoid granulations? | show 🗑
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| Where is the inferior sagital sinus? | show 🗑
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| show | The straight sinus, after joining with the great cerebral vein of Galen
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| What does the great cerebral vein of galen do? | show 🗑
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| show | Occupies the line of junction between the falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli; joins the confluens of the sinuses
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| Where are the transverse sinuses? | show 🗑
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| Where do the transverse sinuses drain? | show 🗑
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| Where are the sigmoid sinuses? Where do they drain? | show 🗑
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| show | Situated on each side of the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone
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| show | The superior and inferior opthalmic veins; sphenoparietal sinuses; and cerebral veins
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| show | Superior and inferior petrosal sinuses; pterygoid venous plexus
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| show | Pituatary gland (middle), CN III, IV, VI, and V1 and V2; and the internal carotid artery
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| show | leptomeninx
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| show | A delicate, impermeable membrane separated from the dura by a potential space, the subdural space and from the pia mater by the subarachnoid space
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| The subarachnoid space is filled with what fluid? Where does it come frome? | show 🗑
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| What are the arachnoid villi? | show 🗑
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| Is the pia mater vascularized? Where is it? | show 🗑
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| Describe the blood supply to the dura mater | show 🗑
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| show | Meningeal branches of the anterior ethmoidal nerve from the opthalmic nerve (CN V1) [floor and anterior parts of the falx cerebri]; tentorial branch of opthalmic nerve [tentorium cerebelli and posterior part of falx cerebri]
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| show | Meningeal branches of the maxillary nerve [V2]; supplied laterally by meningeal branch of mandibular nerve (CN V3) following distribution of middle meningeal artery
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| * What nerve supplies the posterior cranial fossa? How do they get there? | show 🗑
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| show | Yes, all of them carry postganglionic sympathetics from the superior cervical ganglion
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| show | Dura mater only; abundant along dural venous sinuses and middle meningeal artery; stimulation may cause referred pain to face
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| What is the clinical significance of the cavernous sinus? | show 🗑
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| show | injuries to the meningeal arteries (esp. middle meningeal)-->blood collects between periosteal layer of dura mater and skull-->intercranial pressure rises-->clot may exert pressure on motor area of cerebral cortex
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| show | Results from tearing of superior cerebral veins where they enter the superior sagital sinus; blood from torn veins acumulates in space between dura mater and arachnoid membrane
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| Describe the clinical significance of a subarachnoid hemorrhage | show 🗑
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karkis77
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