Mblex Study Guide
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| show | Central Nervous System
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| show | Neurons
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| What are the two types of cells found in the CNS? | show 🗑
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| show | Neuroglia
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| The largest and most complex unit of the nervous system which is responsible for perception, sensation, emotion, intellect, and action | show 🗑
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| What do nerve cells consist of? | show 🗑
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| show | A nucleus and it's organelles
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| A nerve fiber that looks like little hairs, are an extension of the cytoplasm of the cell, and their job is to carry signals to the cell body. | show 🗑
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| Nerve fiber, it's an elongated projection that carries signals away from the cell body, may have branches known as collaterals that allow communication among neurons. | show 🗑
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| Found in the neuroglia,A white fatty, insulation substance formed by Schwann cells that surrounds some axons. Also produced in the CNS by oligodendrocytes. | show 🗑
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| show | Schwann Cell
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| The outer cell membrane of a Schwann cell that is essential in the regeneration of injured axons. | show 🗑
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| Small gaps between segments of the myelin sheath which help speed the nerve impulses. | show 🗑
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| show | Sensory neuron
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| A type of neuron that conducts motor signals away from the CNS | show 🗑
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| show | Depolarization
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| The change in a segment of a cell membrane when the outside segment becomes negatively charged as it depolarizes and the inside becomes positively charged. | show 🗑
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| show | The inside is negatively charged, and the outside it positively charged.
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| show | Synapse
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| Chemical compounds that generate action potentials when released into the synapses from presynaptic clefts and regulate many of the body's actions and senses. | show 🗑
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| show | Acetylcholine
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| A N.T./hormone that is involved in sleep, motor function, mood & pleasure and include two types (Epinephrine & Norepinephrine | show 🗑
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| show | Epinephrine
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| show | Norepinephrine
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| A NT, generally excitatory, found in the brain & ANS. A feel-good NT, involved in emotions and mood & is involved in the regulation of motor control and executive functioning of the brain. | show 🗑
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| show | Histamine
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| show | Serotonin
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| show | Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
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| A NT, excitatory, found in the CNS, thought to be responsible for as much as 75% of the excitatory signals in the brain. | show 🗑
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| NT, found in the brain, retina, & GI tract, the function is unclear and may be related to feeding behavior, a gut-brain peptide. | show 🗑
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| show | Endorphins & Enkephalins
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| show | Somatostatin
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| A NT, excitatory, found in the brain & spinal cord, sensory pathways, and GI tract. Transmits Pain information. | show 🗑
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| A NT, found in the brain, some ANS and & sensory fibers, retina & the GI tract, it's function is unclear | show 🗑
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| What are the three divisions of the brain? | show 🗑
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| The largest portion of the brain, aka the "forebrain", receives sensory information, interprets it, associates it with memories and past experiences, & then transmits the most appropriate motor impulse in response to the input. Also involved in emotions. | show 🗑
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| The folds found in the Cerebral Cortex that increase the area available to the cortex. | show 🗑
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| show | Sulci or fissures
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| show | Fissure of Rolando
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| show | The fissure of Sylvius
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| The fifth lobe of the Cerebrum that lies deep in the lateral fissure | show 🗑
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| What do the left and right hemispheres of the Cerebrum oversee? | show 🗑
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| show | Corpus Collosum
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| show | Gray Matter
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| Myelinated nerve fibers, particularly those found in the brain and spinal tissue. | show 🗑
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| show | Basal Ganglia
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| What does the frontal lobe of the brain control? | show 🗑
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| show | Motor Speech
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| What does the Parietal Lobe control? | show 🗑
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| show | Vision
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| show | Stores complex memory patterns
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| What is the Gustatory area of the brain responsible for? | show 🗑
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| What is the Wernicke's area of the brain responsible for? | show 🗑
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| What is Temporal Lobe responsible for? | show 🗑
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| What is the Insula of the brain responsible for? | show 🗑
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| show | Cerebellum
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| A clear, colorless fluid that flows throughout the brain and around the spinal cord, cushioning and protecting the structures & maintaining proper PH balance | show 🗑
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| The portion of the nervous system that exits the skull & extends into the vertebral column. It's functions are conduct nerve impulses and to be a center for spinal reflexes | show 🗑
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| The two roots that attach a spinal nerve to the spinal cord. | show 🗑
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| show | Ascending tracts
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| show | Descending Tracts
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| A progressive disease that begins in the CNS & involves the degeneration of motor neurons and the subsequent atrophy of voluntary muscles. AKA Lou Gehrig's disease | show 🗑
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| A continuous seizure | show 🗑
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| show | Essential Tremor
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| Paralysis of a single limb or a single group of muscles | show 🗑
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| show | Paraplegia
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| Paralysis or loss of mvmt of all four limbs | show 🗑
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| Collections of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord that have a common function | show 🗑
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| show | Cerebrovascular Accident or stroke
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| show | Hemiparesis
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| Pathologic condition: a gradual buildup of arteriosclerotic lesions ( thickened, hardened areas of reduced elasticity) in the arteries of the neck and brain. | show 🗑
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| show | Aneurysm
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| Brain trauma that may be mild, moderate or severe. | show 🗑
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| show | Seizures
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| show | Chorea
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Created by:
CEckhoff
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