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A+P II Ch. 29 Test

Enter the letter for the matching Answer
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1.
Term for genes that have more than 2 alleles. Example.
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2.
What percentage of zygotes formed from 2 heterozygous parents would produce homozygous genotypes?
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3.
Inheritance where neither allele is dominant over the other. What does the heterozygote have for a phenotype? Example?
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4.
What type of sex chromosome does a sperm carry? Ova?
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5.
Term for the combined effects of many genes and environmental factors. Examples of such traits.
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6.
Why does each nucleus of all human cells except gametes contain 23 homologous pairs of chromosomes?
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7.
What percentage of zygotes formed from 2 heterozygous parents would express the recessive allele?
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8.
Example of disease caused by a dominant allele. What genotypes would get the disease?
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9.
What determines a female pattern of development? Male pattern of development? When does this pattern begin?
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10.
Abnormal number of chromosomes called what (4 total terms). Cause?
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11.
PKU
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12.
Where do sex-linked inheritance genes reside?
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13.
Inheritance where one gene does not control inherited trait. Common?
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14.
What is inheritance?
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15.
The same alleles for a gene. Two types.
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16.
Example of additional chromosomes.
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17.
Why are there more colorblind males than females?
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18.
What determines an individual's sex?
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19.
Inheritance where dominant allele masks the effect of recessive allele.
A.
PKU or Phenylkeonuria:an inherited disease where the recessive allele fails to produce the functional enzyme phenylalanine hydrozylase. The dominant allele produces the functional enzyme.
B.
The allele is found on the X chromosome and males only have one X chromosome, thus one allele. It is either for color blindness or not. Females have the option of being carriers, with both the recessive and dominant allele.
C.
Homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive.
D.
One chromosome of each pair comes from the father, the other comes from the mother. Each pair contains the same genes, just different forms.
E.
Complex inheritance. Skin color (sun exposure, nutrition, 3 genes), hair color, height (nutrition), metabolism rate, body build (nutrition), neural tube deficits (inadequate folic acid in mother).
F.
25%
G.
Multiple-allele inheritance. ABO blood group has 3 alleles, with 4 phenotypes since A and B are co-dominant.
H.
Down syndrome. Trisomy 21. Presence of all or part of an extra 21st chromosome.
I.
Simple dominance-recessive.
J.
Each sprem has either an X or Y. Each ova has an X chromosome.
K.
The passage of hereditary traits from one generation to the next.
L.
Polygenic inheritance applies to most inherited traits.
M.
50%
N.
On the X chromosome.
O.
Female- absence of Y. Male- initiated by Y. Embryos identical until about 7 weeks.
P.
Huntington disease. Both homozygous dominant and heterozygous individuals would get the disease.
Q.
Nondisjunction caused by an error in cell division causes Aneuploid cells. Monosomic cells are missing 1 chromosome (2n-1). Trisomic cell has 1 additional chromosome (2n+1).
R.
Whether the male gamete (sperm) that forms the zygote carries an X or a Y chromosome.
S.
Incomplete dominance. Heterozygote has intermediate phenotype. Ex: alleles that produce normal hemoglobin (Hb^A) and hemoglobin that causes sickle-cell disease (Hb^s). Hb^AHb^S phenotype is minor problems, and obviously a carrier.
Type the Answer that corresponds to the displayed Question.
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20.
Tool used to show possible combinations of alleles in offspring of parents whose genotype for a gene is known.
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21.
Chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes. How many in a somatic cell?
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22.
What are the alternative forms of a gene that code for the same trait called?
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23.
Genetic makeup (combination of alleles for a gene).
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24.
The number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryote cell. Also means the complete set of chromosomes in a species, or an individual organism.
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25.
Two different alleles for a gene.
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26.
Expression of ones genetic makeup (appearance).
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27.
What do you call a permanent heritable change in an allele that produces a different variant.

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